Membrane reactors are promising, energy-saving devices for sustainable chemical production schemes. Highly active and selective catalysts are needed for membrane reactors. Therefore they are the focal point of our current research. This includes catalyst preparation, characterization, catalytic and kinetic studies on:

1. Catalysts for hydrogen production

Noble metal catalysts supported on nanostructured reducible oxides and apatites for water-gas shift and steam reforming reactions.

2. Catalysts for selective oxidation reactions

Noble metal catalysts supported on TS-1 zeolites and nanostructured oxides for olefin oxidation. e.g. propylene conversion to propylene oxide and acrolein.

3. Catalytic mechanisms

In situ studies using e.g. FTIR, XPS and synchrotron based X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in combination with kinetic analyses.

4. Membrane reactors

1984-1989     Chemistry, Georg-August-University, Göttingen,Germany

1989 – 1993      PhD（获博士学位）in Physical Chemistry, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany

Friendship Award of Liaoning Province (2017)

[1]    Kinetics of the Reactions of CH₂ (X ³B₁) with HCl and HBr
A. Goldbach, F. Temps, H. Gg. Wagner, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 94 (1990) 1367

[2]    Streuung von Kaliumclustern in Molekularstrahlen
A. Goldbach, PhD thesis, Marburg (1993)

[3]    Size-dependent Trends in the Scattering of Small Potassium Clusters by Water Molecules
A. Goldbach, F. Hensel, K. Rademann, Z. Naturforsch. 49a (1994) 1067

[4]    Formation of potassium oxide clusters by seeded supersonic expansion
A. Goldbach, F. Hensel, K. Rademann, Int. J. Mass. Spec. Ion Processes 148 (1995) L5

[5]    The Formation of Se₂^-: A New Resonance Raman Feature in the Photochemistry of Zeolite-Encapsulated Selenium
A. Goldbach, L. Iton, M. Grimsditch, M.-L. Saboungi, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118 (1996) 2004

[6]    Photoinduced Formation of Selenium Molecules in Zeolites: A Resonant Raman Spectroscopy Study
A. Goldbach, L. Iton, M. Grimsditch, M.-L. Saboungi, J. Phys. Chem. B 101 (1997) 330

[7]    Semiconductors in the disordered state: From bulk to nanoscale
P. Armand, A. Goldbach, C. Cramer, R. Csencsits, L. E. Iton, D. L. Price,
M.-L. Saboungi, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 205-207 (1996) 797-802.

[8]    On the Formation of Isolated Se₈ Rings in Zeolites
A. Goldbach, L. Iton, M.-L. Saboungi, Chem. Phys. Lett. 281 (1997) 69-73.

[9]    Optical Spectroscopy on Se₈ Clusters and Se Chains Embedded in Zeolite Matrices
A. Goldbach, M.-L. Saboungi, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 101 (1997) 1660

[10]  Vibrational Frequencies of Small Selenium Molecules
S. Kohara, A. Goldbach, N. Koura, M.-L. Saboungi, L. A. Curtiss, Chem. Phys. Lett. 287 (1998) 282 

[11]  The Clusters Cd₂²⁺ and Cd₄²⁺ in Zeolite A
A. Goldbach, P. D. Barker, P. A. Anderson, P. P. Edwards Chem. Phys. Lett. 292 (1998) 137

[12]  On the Constituents of Aqueous Polyselenide Electrolytes: A Combined Theoretical and Raman Spectroscopic Study
A. Goldbach, J. Johnson, D. Meisel, L. A. Curtiss, M.-L. Saboungi, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 (1999) 4461

[13]  Stabilization of Selenium in Zeolites - An Anomalous X-Ray Scattering Study
A. Goldbach, M.-L. Saboungi, L. Iton, D. L. Price, Chem. Comm. 1999 997

[14]  Short and intermediate-range atomic structure of glassy and liquid As₂Se₃ - An anomalous x-ray scattering study
S. Hosokawa, A. Goldbach, M. Boll, F. Hensel, Physica Status Solidi (b), 215 (1999) 785

[15]  Oxidation of Aqueous Polyselenide Solutions - A Mechanistic Pulse Radiolysis Study
A. Goldbach, M.-L. Saboungi,* J. A. Johnson, A. R. Cook, D. Meisel, J. Phys. Chem. A 104 (2000) 4011

[16]  An Approach to Band Gap Alignment in Confined Semiconductors
A. Goldbach, M.-L. Saboungi,* L. Iton, D. L. Price, J. Chem. Phys. 115 (2001) 11254

[17]  ⁷⁷Se and ⁸⁷Rb Solid  State NMR study of the Structure of Rb₂[Pd(Se₄)₂]×Se₈
A. Goldbach, F. Fayon, T. Vosegaard, M.Wachhold, M. Kanatzidis, D. Massiot, and
M.-L. Saboungi,* Inorg. Chem. 42 (2003) 6996

[18]  Optical spectroscopy on Se clusters and chains confined in zeolites
A. Goldbach and M.-L. Saboungi,* Eur. J. Phys. E 12 (2003) 185

[19]  An Air-Stable Selenium/Zeolite Nanocomposite
A. Goldbach, L. Iton, M. Grimsditch, and M.-L. Saboungi,* Chem. Mater. 16 (2004) 5107.

[20]  Low-Temperature H₂ and N₂ transport through thin Pd_0.66Cu_0.34H_x layers
X. Pan,* M. Kilgus, and A. Goldbach,* Catal. Today 104 (2005) 225-230.

[21]  Selenium/Zeolite Y Nanocomposites 
A. Goldbach* and M.-L. Saboungi, Acc. Chem. Res. 38 (2005) 705.

[22]  PdC formation in ultra-thin Pd membranes during separation of H₂/CO mixtures
H. Li, A. Goldbach,* W. Li, H. Xu, J. Membr. Sci. 299 (2007) 130-137.

[23]  Segregation and H₂ transport rate control in body-centered cubic PdCu membranes
L. Yuan, A. Goldbach,* H. Xu, J. Phys. Chem. B 111 (2007) 10952.

[24]  Real-time monitoring of metal deposition and segregation phenomena during preparation of PdCu membranes
L. Yuan, A. Goldbach,* H. Xu, J. Membr. Sci. 322 (2008) 39-45.

[25]  On CH₄ decomposition during separation from H₂ mixtures with thin Pd membranes
H. Li, A. Goldbach,* W. Li, H. Xu, J. Membr. Sci. 324 (2008) 95-101.

[26]  CO₂ decomposition over Pd membrane surfaces
H. Li, A. Goldbach,* W. Li, H. Xu, J. Phys. Chem. B 112 (2008) 12182.

[27]  Permeation hysteresis in PdCu membranes
L. Yuan, A. Goldbach,* H. Xu, J. Phys. Chem. B 112 (2008) 12692.

[28]  Nanocomposite materials: Semiconductors in zeolites
A. Goldbach, M.-L. Saboungi, in: Nanomaterials: Inorganic and Bioinorganic Perspectives; edited by C. M. Lukehart, R. A. Scott. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008, pp 649-658.

[29]  Impact of support mass flow resistance on low-temperature H₂ permeation characteristics of a Pd₉₅Ag₅/Al₂O₃ composite membrane
G. Zeng, A. Goldbach,* H. Xu, J. Membr. Sci. 326 (2009) 681-687.

[30]  Defect sealing in Pd membranes via point-plating
G. Zeng, A. Goldbach,* H. Xu, J. Membr. Sci. 328 (2009) 6-10.

[31]  Water gas shift reaction in a Pd membrane reactor over Pt/Ce_0.6Zr_0.4O₂ catalyst
Y. Bi, H. Xu,* W. Li, A. Goldbach,* Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 34 (2009) 2965-2971.

[32]  Development of hydrogen membrane reactors for CO₂ capture
J. W. Dijkstra, D. Jansen, R. W. van den Brink, T. A. Peters, M. Stange, R. Bredesen, A. Goldbach, H. Xu, A. Gottschalk, S. Tlatlik, A. Doukelis, in: Carbon Dioxide Capture for Storage in Deep Geological Formations, Volume 3, edited by L.I. Eide, CPL Press (2009).

[33]  Hydrogen membrane reactors for CO₂ capture
D. Jansen,* J. W. Dijkstra, R. W. van den Brink, T. A. Peters, M. Stange, R. Bredesen, A. Goldbach, H. Xu, A. Gottschalk, A. Doukelis, Energy Procedia 1 (2009) 253-260.

[34]  Direct H₂O₂ synthesis over Pd membranes at elevated temperatures
L. Shi, A. Goldbach,* G. Zeng, H. Xu, J. Membr. Sci. 348 (2010) 160-166.

[35]  Impact of the fcc/bcc phase transition on the homogeneity and behavior of PdCu membranes
A. Goldbach,* L. Yuan, H. Xu,* Separ. Purif. Technol. 73 (2010) 65-70.

[36]  Preparation and performance of thin-layered PdAu/ceramic composite membranes
L. Shi, A. Goldbach,* G. Zeng and H. Xu,* Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 35 (2010) 4201-4208.

[37]  H₂O₂ synthesis over PdAu membranes
L. Shi, A. Goldbach,* G. Zeng and H. Xu, Catal. Today 156 (2010) 118-123.

[38]  Structure of a prototypic ionic liquid: Ethyl-methylimidazolium bromide
B. Aoun, A. Goldbach, S. Kohara, J.-F. Wax, M. Gonzales and M.-L. Saboungi,* J. Phys. Chem. B 114 (2010) 11623.

[39]  High-flux H₂ separation membranes from (Pd/Au)_n nanolayers
L. Shi, A. Goldbach,* and H. Xu, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 36 (2011) 2281-2284.

[40]  Nanoscale heterogeneity in alkyl-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquids
B. Aoun, A. Goldbach, M. Gonzalez, S. Kohara, D. Price, and M.-L. Saboungi,* J. Chem. Phys. 134 (2011) 104509.

[41]  Sour water-gas shift reaction over Pt/CeO₂ catalysts
B. Liu, A. Goldbach,* H.Y. Xu*, Catal. Today 171 (2011) 304-311.

[42]  On alloying and low-temperature stability of thin, supported PdAg membranes
G. Zeng, A. Goldbach,* L. Shi, H. Xu*, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 37 (2012) 6012-6019.

[43]  Compensation Effect in H₂ Permeation Kinetics of PdAg Membranes
G. Zeng, A. Goldbach,* L. Shi, H. Xu, J. Phys. Chem. C 116 (2012) 18101.

[44]  Hydrogen-induced high-temperature segregation in palladium silver membranes
G. Zeng, H. Jia, A. Goldbach,* L. Zhao, S. Miao, L.Shi, C. Sun, H. Xu,* Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16 (2014) 25330.

[45]  Structural and permeation kinetic correlations in PdCuAg membranes
L. Zhao, A. Goldbach,* C. Bao, H. Xu, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 6 (2014) 22408-22416.

[46]  Evaluation of Pd composite membrane for pre-combustion CO₂ capture
A. Goldbach,* F. Bao, C. Qi, C. Bao, L. Zhao, C. Hao, C. Jiang, H. Xu,* Int. J. Greenhouse Gas Control 33 (2015) 69-76.

[47]  Structure and activity of flame made ceria supported Rh and Pt water gas shift catalysts
G. Cavusoglu, D. Miao, H. Lichtenberg,* H. W. P. Carvalho, H. Xu, A. Goldbach, J.-D. Grunwaldt, Appl. Catal. A, 504 (2015) 381-390.

[48]  Sulfur inhibition of PdCu membranes in the presence of concentration polarization
L. Zhao, A. Goldbach,* C. Bao, H. Xu,* J. Membr. Sci. 496 (2015) 301-309.

[49]  Platinum/apatite water-gas shift catalysts
D. Miao, A. Goldbach,* H. Xu, ACS Catal. 6 (2016) 775-783.

[50]  Tailoring palladium alloy membranes for hydrogen separation from sulfur contaminated gas streams
L. Zhao, A. Goldbach,* H. Xu, J. Membr. Sci. 507 (2016) 55-62.

[51]  Flame made ceria supported noble metal catalysts for efficient H₂ production via the water gas shift reaction
G. Cavusoglu, H. Lichtenberg, A. Gaur, A. Goldbach, J.-D. Grunwaldt,* J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 712 (2016) 012065.

[52]  In situ characterization of catalysts and membranes in a microchannel under high-temperature water gas shift reaction conditions
G. Cavusoglu, F. Dallmann, H. Lichtenberg, A. Goldbach, R. Dittmeyer, J.-D. Grunwaldt,* J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 712 (2016) 012054.

[53]  Facile Synthesis of highly active Rh/Al₂O₃ steam reforming catalysts with preformed support by flame spray pyrolysis
J. Yu, Z. Zhang, F. Dallmann, J. Zhang, D. Miao,H. Xu, A. Goldbach,* R. Dittmeyer,* Appl. Catal. B, 198 (2016) 171-179.  

[54]  Water-Gas Shift Reaction over Platinum/Strontium Apatite Catalysts
D. Miao, G. Cavusoglu, H. Lichtenberg, J. Yu, H. Xu, J.-D. Grunwaldt, A. Goldbach,* Appl. Catal. B, 202 (2017) 587-596.

[55]  Permeation and in situ XRD studies on PdCuAu membranes under H₂
H. Jia, A. Goldbach,* C. Zhao, G. R. Castro, C. Sun,* H. Xu, J. Membr. Sci. 529 (2017) 142-149.

[56]  Low-temperature stability of body-centered cubic PdCu membranes
C. Zhao, A. Goldbach,* H. Xu, J. Membr. Sci. 542 (2017) 60-67.

[57]  High-temperature stability of Pd alloy membranes containing Cu and Au
H. Jia, P. Wu, G. Zeng,* E. Salas Colera, A. Serrano, G. R. Castro, H. Xu, C. Sun, A. Goldbach,* J. Membr. Sci. 544 (2017) 151-160.

[58]  Support mass transfer resistance of Pd/ceramic composite membranes in the presence of sweep gas
C. Zhao, A. Caravella,^* H. Xu, A. Brunetti, G. Barbieri, A. Goldbach,* J. Membr. Sci. 550 (2018) 365-376.

[59]  Duplex Pd/ceramic/Pd composite membrane for sweep gas-enhanced CO₂ capture
C. Zhao, H. Xu, A. Goldbach,* J. Membr. Sci. 563 (2018) 388-397.

[60]  Efficient H₂ production via membrane-assisted ethanol steam reforming over Ir/CeO₂ catalyst
H. Jia,^* J. Zhang, J. Yu, X. Yang, H. Xu, C. Sun, W. Shen, A. Goldbach,^* Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 44 (2019) 24733-24745.

与相关领域多个国际知名院校和研究团队建立了合作关系，与欧洲同步辐射中心、上海同步辐射中心等也建立了长期的合作关系，参与了两届欧盟项目。