General
   

Research Areas

tropical cyclone genesis

Education

·Bachelor degree, Department of Atmospheric Science, Sun Yat-sen University, 2005.9-2009.6

·Exchange student, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011.6-2011.8

·Exchange student, University of Hawaii, IPRC, 2012.11-2013.11

·Combined master and doctor degree, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2009.9-2014.6



Experience

   
Work Experience

·Assistant Researcher, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, 2014.7-2017.1

·Associate Researcher, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, 2017.2-present


Publications

1.   Cao, X.*P. Huang, G. H. Chen and W. Chen, 2012: Modulation of the western North Pacific tropical cyclone genesis by the intraseasonal oscillation of the ITCZ: A statistical analysis. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 29, 744–754.
2.   Cao, X., G. H. Chen*, and W. Chen, 2013: Tropical cyclogenesis induced by ITCZ breakdown in association with synoptic wave train over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 14, 294–300.
3.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, R. H. Huang and W. Chen, 2014: The intensity variation of the summer intertropical convergence zone in the western North Pacific and its impact on tropical cyclones, J. Trop. Meteor.20, 193–201.
4.   Cao, X.T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon trough interannual variation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 4332–4339, doi: 10.1002/2014GL060307.
5.   Cao, X., T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon trough intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, J. Atmos. Sci., 71, 4639–4660, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0407.1.
6.   Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, W. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2015. On the weakened relationship between spring Arctic Oscillation and following summer tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific: A comparison of 1968–1986 and 1989–2007. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 32(10), 1319–1328, doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4256-y.
7.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen*, T. Li and F. M. Ren, 2016, Simulations of Tropical Cyclogenesis Associated with Different Monsoon Trough Patterns over the Western North Pacific, Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 128, 491–511, doi: 10.1007/s00703-015-0428-7.
8.   Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2016. Intensified impact of northern tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature on tropical cyclogenesis frequency over the western North Pacific after the late-1980s. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 33(8), 919–930, doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5206-z.
9.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, and X. Xiao, 2016, Simulation of tropical cyclogenesis associated with the large-scale cyclonic circulation over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Res., 30(6), 897–914, doi: 10.1007/s13351-016-5086-2.
10.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, S. F. Chen, 2017: Contrast of 10–20-day and 30–60-day intraseasonal SST propagation during summer and winter over the South China Sea and western North Pacific, Clim. Dyn., 48(3), 1233–1248, doi: 10.1007/s00382-016-3138-z.
11.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Origins and Interrelationship of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations around the Maritime Continent during Boreal Winter. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 132(1), 543-554, doi: 10.1007/s00704-017-2106-9.
12.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and M. Y. Bi, 2018: Contributions of different time scale variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific. J. Climate, 31(8), 3137-3153, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0519.1
13.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, 2018: Simulations of development of tropical disturbances associated with the monsoon trough over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 19(2), e801, doi: 10.1002/asl.801.
14.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Comparison of different time scale contributions to tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific in 2015 and 2016. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 96, 317-336.doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2018-038. (Special Edition on Tropical Cyclones in 2015–2016)
15.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and X. Xiao, 2018, A new perspective of intensified impact of ENSO Modoki on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific around 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 38(11), 4262–4275, doi:10.1002/joc.5667.
16.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and Y. Y. Zhan, 2019: Reexamining the decadal change of tropical cyclogenesis over the South China Sea around the mid-1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 39(7), 3188–3200, doi. 10.1002/joc.6011.
17.   Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai and J. H. Zhao, 2019: Contributions of different time scale              variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the northern tropical Atlantic and comparison with the western                North Pacific. J. Climate, 32(19), 66456661, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0560.1.
18.   Cao, X.*and R. G. Wu, 2020: Comparison of impacts of intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis          over the western North Pacific with two methods, Int. J. Climatol.40(4), 24182428, doi. 10.1002/joc.6342.
19.Cao, X.*, Y. Liu*, R. G. Wu, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and Z. L. Cai, 2020: Northwestward shift of tropical cyclogenesis        during autumn over the western North Pacific after late 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 40(3), 18851899, doi.                    10.1002/joc.6310.
20.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, and M. Y. Bi, 2020: Contrasting contributions of flows on different time scales to tropical cyclone tracks over the South China Sea. Environ. Res. Lett, 15, 034003, doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab6fbd.
21.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, N. Wei, and Y. F. Dai, 2020: Location of the preferred region for tropical cyclogenesis in strong monsoon trough pattern over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(3), 637654, 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-034.
22.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, and J. Xu, 2020: A comparison of the effects of  an upper-level anticyclone and a lower-level cyclone on tropical cyclogenesis in idealized simulations, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(5), 1005−1027, doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-052
23.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, and Y. F. Dai, 2021: Contrasting contributions of different time scale variations of environmental factors to tropical cyclogenesis over the eastern North Pacific, Atmos. Sci. Lett., doi:10.1002/ASL.1037.
24.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, Y. F. Dai, and Y. Y. Liu, 2021: Contribution of the intensity of intraseasonal oscillation to the interannual variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Commun, 3(3), 031002, 10.1088/2515-7620/abed93.
25.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. Sun, Z. B. Wang, Y. F. Dai, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2021, Impact of North America snow cover on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Lett, 16, 124054, 10.1088/1748-9326/ac3bff.
26.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2022, Distinct western North Pacific tropical cyclogenesis during inactive intraseasonal phase of August 1996 and 2014, Atmosphere Research, 266, 105952, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105952.
27.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. Sun, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and X. Q. Lan, 2023, Coherent variations of tropical cyclogenesis over the North Pacific and North Atlantic, Clim. Dyn.60, 1385–1396, 10.1007/s00382-022-06381-3
28.   Xu, L. T., X. Cao*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, Z. B. Wang, X. Q. Lan, W. J. Zhang, and Y. H. Wang, 2023: Can lightning indicate tropical cyclogenesis frequency over  the South China Sea? Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 149(751), 421-435. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4415.

29.   Dai, Y., X. Cao*, R. Wu, M. Bi, X. Lan, Y. Wang, Contributions of Various Temporal Components of Large-Scale Parameters in Tropical Cyclone Genesis over the North Indian Ocean. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 610, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030610.
30.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, L. T. Xu, Z. B. Wang, Y. Sun, Y. F. Dai and S. Chen, 2023: A trans-season out-of-phase relationship of tropical cyclogenesis between the western North Pacific and South China Sea, J. Climate, 10.1175/JCLI-D-22-0753.1
31.   Cao, X., R. G. Wu*P. J. Zhu, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, G. H. Wen, and Y. H. Wang, 2023: A barotropic kinetic energy conversion view of rapid intensifying and decaying tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett.50, e2022GL101695 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101695.
32.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Z. B. Wang, and X. Q. Lan, J. H. Zhao, and Z. C. Du, 2023, A zonal see-saw variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal-South China Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research–Atmospheres, 128, e2023JD038890. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD038890
33.   Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, L. Wu, D. F. Deng, Y. Ha, M. C. Xu, M. Yuan, Y. Feng. Dai, and Z. C. Du, 2024: Westward shift of tropical cyclogenesis over the southern Indian Ocean, Environ. Res. Lett, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1d9b
34.   Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, W. Chen, Y. Sun, Q. Yan, P. F. Wang,D. F. Deng and L. Wu, 2024, The projected poleward shift of tropical cyclogenesis at a global scale under climate change in MRI-AGCM3.2H, Geophys.   Res. Lett.51, e2023GL107189 https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL107189
35.   Cao, X*., R. G. Wu, 2017: Origins of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations over the Southern South China Sea in Boreal Winter. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 10(1), 44–50, doi: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1232584.

36.   Cao, X*., 2015: An Idealized Numerical Study of the Effects of Uniform Zonal Winds on Tropical Cyclogenesis. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 8, 345–351, doi: 10.3878/AOSL20150042.1.   Cao, X.*P. Huang, G. H. Chen and W. Chen, 2012: Modulation of the western North Pacific tropical cyclone genesis by the intraseasonal oscillation of the ITCZ: A statistical analysis. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 29, 744–754.
2.   Cao, X., G. H. Chen*, and W. Chen, 2013: Tropical cyclogenesis induced by ITCZ breakdown in association with synoptic wave train over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 14, 294–300.
3.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, R. H. Huang and W. Chen, 2014: The intensity variation of the summer intertropical convergence zone in the western North Pacific and its impact on tropical cyclones, J. Trop. Meteor.20, 193–201.
4.   Cao, X.T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon trough interannual variation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 4332–4339, doi: 10.1002/2014GL060307.
5.   Cao, X., T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon trough intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, J. Atmos. Sci., 71, 4639–4660, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0407.1.
6.   Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, W. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2015. On the weakened relationship between spring Arctic Oscillation and following summer tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific: A comparison of 1968–1986 and 1989–2007. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 32(10), 1319–1328, doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4256-y.
7.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen*, T. Li and F. M. Ren, 2016, Simulations of Tropical Cyclogenesis Associated with Different Monsoon Trough Patterns over the Western North Pacific, Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 128, 491–511, doi: 10.1007/s00703-015-0428-7.
8.   Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2016. Intensified impact of northern tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature on tropical cyclogenesis frequency over the western North Pacific after the late-1980s. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 33(8), 919–930, doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5206-z.
9.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, and X. Xiao, 2016, Simulation of tropical cyclogenesis associated with the large-scale cyclonic circulation over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Res., 30(6), 897–914, doi: 10.1007/s13351-016-5086-2.
10.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, S. F. Chen, 2017: Contrast of 10–20-day and 30–60-day intraseasonal SST propagation during summer and winter over the South China Sea and western North Pacific, Clim. Dyn., 48(3), 1233–1248, doi: 10.1007/s00382-016-3138-z.
11.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Origins and Interrelationship of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations around the Maritime Continent during Boreal Winter. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 132(1), 543-554, doi: 10.1007/s00704-017-2106-9.
12.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and M. Y. Bi, 2018: Contributions of different time scale variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific. J. Climate, 31(8), 3137-3153, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0519.1
13.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, 2018: Simulations of development of tropical disturbances associated with the monsoon trough over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 19(2), e801, doi: 10.1002/asl.801.
14.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Comparison of different time scale contributions to tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific in 2015 and 2016. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 96, 317-336.doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2018-038. (Special Edition on Tropical Cyclones in 2015–2016)
15.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and X. Xiao, 2018, A new perspective of intensified impact of ENSO Modoki on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific around 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 38(11), 4262–4275, doi:10.1002/joc.5667.
16.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and Y. Y. Zhan, 2019: Reexamining the decadal change of tropical cyclogenesis over the South China Sea around the mid-1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 39(7), 3188–3200, doi. 10.1002/joc.6011.
17.   Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai and J. H. Zhao, 2019: Contributions of different time scale              variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the northern tropical Atlantic and comparison with the western                North Pacific. J. Climate, 32(19), 66456661, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0560.1.
18.   Cao, X.*and R. G. Wu, 2020: Comparison of impacts of intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis          over the western North Pacific with two methods, Int. J. Climatol.40(4), 24182428, doi. 10.1002/joc.6342.
19.Cao, X.*, Y. Liu*, R. G. Wu, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and Z. L. Cai, 2020: Northwestward shift of tropical cyclogenesis        during autumn over the western North Pacific after late 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 40(3), 18851899, doi.                    10.1002/joc.6310.
20.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, and M. Y. Bi, 2020: Contrasting contributions of flows on different time scales to tropical cyclone tracks over the South China Sea. Environ. Res. Lett, 15, 034003, doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab6fbd.
21.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, N. Wei, and Y. F. Dai, 2020: Location of the preferred region for tropical cyclogenesis in strong monsoon trough pattern over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(3), 637654, 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-034.
22.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, and J. Xu, 2020: A comparison of the effects of  an upper-level anticyclone and a lower-level cyclone on tropical cyclogenesis in idealized simulations, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(5), 1005−1027, doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-052
23.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, and Y. F. Dai, 2021: Contrasting contributions of different time scale variations of environmental factors to tropical cyclogenesis over the eastern North Pacific, Atmos. Sci. Lett., doi:10.1002/ASL.1037.
24.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, Y. F. Dai, and Y. Y. Liu, 2021: Contribution of the intensity of intraseasonal oscillation to the interannual variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Commun, 3(3), 031002, 10.1088/2515-7620/abed93.
25.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. Sun, Z. B. Wang, Y. F. Dai, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2021, Impact of North America snow cover on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Lett, 16, 124054, 10.1088/1748-9326/ac3bff.
26.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2022, Distinct western North Pacific tropical cyclogenesis during inactive intraseasonal phase of August 1996 and 2014, Atmosphere Research, 266, 105952, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105952.
27.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. Sun, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and X. Q. Lan, 2023, Coherent variations of tropical cyclogenesis over the North Pacific and North Atlantic, Clim. Dyn.60, 1385–1396, 10.1007/s00382-022-06381-3
28.   Xu, L. T., X. Cao*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, Z. B. Wang, X. Q. Lan, W. J. Zhang, and Y. H. Wang, 2023: Can lightning indicate tropical cyclogenesis frequency over  the South China Sea? Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 149(751), 421-435. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4415.

29.   Dai, Y., X. Cao*, R. Wu, M. Bi, X. Lan, Y. Wang, Contributions of Various Temporal Components of Large-Scale Parameters in Tropical Cyclone Genesis over the North Indian Ocean. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 610, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030610.
30.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, L. T. Xu, Z. B. Wang, Y. Sun, Y. F. Dai and S. Chen, 2023: A trans-season out-of-phase relationship of tropical cyclogenesis between the western North Pacific and South China Sea, J. Climate, 10.1175/JCLI-D-22-0753.1
31.   Cao, X., R. G. Wu*P. J. Zhu, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, G. H. Wen, and Y. H. Wang, 2023: A barotropic kinetic energy conversion view of rapid intensifying and decaying tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett.50, e2022GL101695 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101695.
32.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Z. B. Wang, and X. Q. Lan, J. H. Zhao, and Z. C. Du, 2023, A zonal see-saw variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal-South China Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research–Atmospheres, 128, e2023JD038890. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD038890
33.   Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, L. Wu, D. F. Deng, Y. Ha, M. C. Xu, M. Yuan, Y. Feng. Dai, and Z. C. Du, 2024: Westward shift of tropical cyclogenesis over the southern Indian Ocean, Environ. Res. Lett, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1d9b
34.   Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, W. Chen, Y. Sun, Q. Yan, P. F. Wang,D. F. Deng and L. Wu, 2024, The projected poleward shift of tropical cyclogenesis at a global scale under climate change in MRI-AGCM3.2H, Geophys.   Res. Lett.51, e2023GL107189 https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL107189
35.   Cao, X*., R. G. Wu, 2017: Origins of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations over the Southern South China Sea in Boreal Winter. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 10(1), 44–50, doi: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1232584.
36.   Cao, X*., 2015: An Idealized Numerical Study of the Effects of Uniform Zonal Winds on Tropical Cyclogenesis. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 8, 345–351, doi: 10.3878/AOSL20150042.

Papers


1.   Cao, X.*P. Huang, G. H. Chen and W. Chen, 2012: Modulation of the western North Pacific tropical cyclone genesis by the intraseasonal oscillation of the ITCZ: A statistical analysis. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 29, 744–754.
2.   Cao, X., G. H. Chen*, and W. Chen, 2013: Tropical cyclogenesis induced by ITCZ breakdown in association with synoptic wave train over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 14, 294–300.
3.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, R. H. Huang and W. Chen, 2014: The intensity variation of the summer intertropical convergence zone in the western North Pacific and its impact on tropical cyclones, J. Trop. Meteor.20, 193–201.
4.   Cao, X.T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon trough interannual variation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 4332–4339, doi: 10.1002/2014GL060307.
5.   Cao, X., T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon trough intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, J. Atmos. Sci., 71, 4639–4660, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0407.1.
6.   Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, W. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2015. On the weakened relationship between spring Arctic Oscillation and following summer tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific: A comparison of 1968–1986 and 1989–2007. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 32(10), 1319–1328, doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4256-y.
7.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen*, T. Li and F. M. Ren, 2016, Simulations of Tropical Cyclogenesis Associated with Different Monsoon Trough Patterns over the Western North Pacific, Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 128, 491–511, doi: 10.1007/s00703-015-0428-7.
8.   Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2016. Intensified impact of northern tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature on tropical cyclogenesis frequency over the western North Pacific after the late-1980s. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 33(8), 919–930, doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5206-z.
9.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, and X. Xiao, 2016, Simulation of tropical cyclogenesis associated with the large-scale cyclonic circulation over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Res., 30(6), 897–914, doi: 10.1007/s13351-016-5086-2.
10.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, S. F. Chen, 2017: Contrast of 10–20-day and 30–60-day intraseasonal SST propagation during summer and winter over the South China Sea and western North Pacific, Clim. Dyn., 48(3), 1233–1248, doi: 10.1007/s00382-016-3138-z.
11.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Origins and Interrelationship of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations around the Maritime Continent during Boreal Winter. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 132(1), 543-554, doi: 10.1007/s00704-017-2106-9.
12.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and M. Y. Bi, 2018: Contributions of different time scale variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific. J. Climate, 31(8), 3137-3153, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0519.1
13.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, 2018: Simulations of development of tropical disturbances associated with the monsoon trough over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 19(2), e801, doi: 10.1002/asl.801.
14.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Comparison of different time scale contributions to tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific in 2015 and 2016. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 96, 317-336.doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2018-038. (Special Edition on Tropical Cyclones in 2015–2016)
15.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and X. Xiao, 2018, A new perspective of intensified impact of ENSO Modoki on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific around 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 38(11), 4262–4275, doi:10.1002/joc.5667.
16.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and Y. Y. Zhan, 2019: Reexamining the decadal change of tropical cyclogenesis over the South China Sea around the mid-1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 39(7), 3188–3200, doi. 10.1002/joc.6011.
17.   Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai and J. H. Zhao, 2019: Contributions of different time scale              variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the northern tropical Atlantic and comparison with the western                North Pacific. J. Climate, 32(19), 66456661, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0560.1.
18.   Cao, X.*and R. G. Wu, 2020: Comparison of impacts of intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis          over the western North Pacific with two methods, Int. J. Climatol.40(4), 24182428, doi. 10.1002/joc.6342.
19.Cao, X.*, Y. Liu*, R. G. Wu, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and Z. L. Cai, 2020: Northwestward shift of tropical cyclogenesis        during autumn over the western North Pacific after late 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 40(3), 18851899, doi.                    10.1002/joc.6310.
20.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, and M. Y. Bi, 2020: Contrasting contributions of flows on different time scales to tropical cyclone tracks over the South China Sea. Environ. Res. Lett, 15, 034003, doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab6fbd.
21.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, N. Wei, and Y. F. Dai, 2020: Location of the preferred region for tropical cyclogenesis in strong monsoon trough pattern over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(3), 637654, 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-034.
22.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, and J. Xu, 2020: A comparison of the effects of  an upper-level anticyclone and a lower-level cyclone on tropical cyclogenesis in idealized simulations, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(5), 1005−1027, doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-052
23.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, and Y. F. Dai, 2021: Contrasting contributions of different time scale variations of environmental factors to tropical cyclogenesis over the eastern North Pacific, Atmos. Sci. Lett., doi:10.1002/ASL.1037.
24.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, Y. F. Dai, and Y. Y. Liu, 2021: Contribution of the intensity of intraseasonal oscillation to the interannual variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Commun, 3(3), 031002, 10.1088/2515-7620/abed93.
25.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. Sun, Z. B. Wang, Y. F. Dai, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2021, Impact of North America snow cover on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Lett, 16, 124054, 10.1088/1748-9326/ac3bff.
26.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2022, Distinct western North Pacific tropical cyclogenesis during inactive intraseasonal phase of August 1996 and 2014, Atmosphere Research, 266, 105952, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105952.
27.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. Sun, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and X. Q. Lan, 2023, Coherent variations of tropical cyclogenesis over the North Pacific and North Atlantic, Clim. Dyn.60, 1385–1396, 10.1007/s00382-022-06381-3
28.   Xu, L. T., X. Cao*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, Z. B. Wang, X. Q. Lan, W. J. Zhang, and Y. H. Wang, 2023: Can lightning indicate tropical cyclogenesis frequency over  the South China Sea? Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 149(751), 421-435. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4415.

29.   Dai, Y., X. Cao*, R. Wu, M. Bi, X. Lan, Y. Wang, Contributions of Various Temporal Components of Large-Scale Parameters in Tropical Cyclone Genesis over the North Indian Ocean. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 610, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030610.
30.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, L. T. Xu, Z. B. Wang, Y. Sun, Y. F. Dai and S. Chen, 2023: A trans-season out-of-phase relationship of tropical cyclogenesis between the western North Pacific and South China Sea, J. Climate, 10.1175/JCLI-D-22-0753.1
31.   Cao, X., R. G. Wu*P. J. Zhu, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, G. H. Wen, and Y. H. Wang, 2023: A barotropic kinetic energy conversion view of rapid intensifying and decaying tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett.50, e2022GL101695 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101695.
32.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Z. B. Wang, and X. Q. Lan, J. H. Zhao, and Z. C. Du, 2023, A zonal see-saw variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal-South China Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research–Atmospheres, 128, e2023JD038890. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD038890
33.   Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, L. Wu, D. F. Deng, Y. Ha, M. C. Xu, M. Yuan, Y. Feng. Dai, and Z. C. Du, 2024: Westward shift of tropical cyclogenesis over the southern Indian Ocean, Environ. Res. Lett, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1d9b
34.   Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, W. Chen, Y. Sun, Q. Yan, P. F. Wang,D. F. Deng and L. Wu, 2024, The projected poleward shift of tropical cyclogenesis at a global scale under climate change in MRI-AGCM3.2H, Geophys.   Res. Lett.51, e2023GL107189 https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL107189
35.   Cao, X*., R. G. Wu, 2017: Origins of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations over the Southern South China Sea in Boreal Winter. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 10(1), 44–50, doi: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1232584.
36.   Cao, X*., 2015: An Idealized Numerical Study of the Effects of Uniform Zonal Winds on Tropical Cyclogenesis. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 8, 345–351, doi: 10.3878/AOSL20150042.
1.   Cao, X.*P. Huang, G. H. Chen and W. Chen, 2012: Modulation of the western North Pacific tropical cyclone genesis by the intraseasonal oscillation of the ITCZ: A statistical analysis. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 29, 744–754.

2.   Cao, X., G. H. Chen*, and W. Chen, 2013: Tropical cyclogenesis induced by ITCZ breakdown in association with synoptic wave train over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 14, 294–300.
3.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, R. H. Huang and W. Chen, 2014: The intensity variation of the summer intertropical convergence zone in the western North Pacific and its impact on tropical cyclones, J. Trop. Meteor.20, 193–201.
4.   Cao, X.T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon trough interannual variation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 4332–4339, doi: 10.1002/2014GL060307.
5.   Cao, X., T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon trough intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, J. Atmos. Sci., 71, 4639–4660, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0407.1.
6.   Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, W. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2015. On the weakened relationship between spring Arctic Oscillation and following summer tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific: A comparison of 1968–1986 and 1989–2007. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 32(10), 1319–1328, doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4256-y.
7.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen*, T. Li and F. M. Ren, 2016, Simulations of Tropical Cyclogenesis Associated with Different Monsoon Trough Patterns over the Western North Pacific, Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 128, 491–511, doi: 10.1007/s00703-015-0428-7.
8.   Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2016. Intensified impact of northern tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature on tropical cyclogenesis frequency over the western North Pacific after the late-1980s. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 33(8), 919–930, doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5206-z.
9.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, and X. Xiao, 2016, Simulation of tropical cyclogenesis associated with the large-scale cyclonic circulation over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Res., 30(6), 897–914, doi: 10.1007/s13351-016-5086-2.
10.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, S. F. Chen, 2017: Contrast of 10–20-day and 30–60-day intraseasonal SST propagation during summer and winter over the South China Sea and western North Pacific, Clim. Dyn., 48(3), 1233–1248, doi: 10.1007/s00382-016-3138-z.
11.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Origins and Interrelationship of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations around the Maritime Continent during Boreal Winter. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 132(1), 543-554, doi: 10.1007/s00704-017-2106-9.
12.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and M. Y. Bi, 2018: Contributions of different time scale variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific. J. Climate, 31(8), 3137-3153, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0519.1
13.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, 2018: Simulations of development of tropical disturbances associated with the monsoon trough over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 19(2), e801, doi: 10.1002/asl.801.
14.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Comparison of different time scale contributions to tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific in 2015 and 2016. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 96, 317-336.doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2018-038. (Special Edition on Tropical Cyclones in 2015–2016)
15.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and X. Xiao, 2018, A new perspective of intensified impact of ENSO Modoki on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific around 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 38(11), 4262–4275, doi:10.1002/joc.5667.
16.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and Y. Y. Zhan, 2019: Reexamining the decadal change of tropical cyclogenesis over the South China Sea around the mid-1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 39(7), 3188–3200, doi. 10.1002/joc.6011.
17.   Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai and J. H. Zhao, 2019: Contributions of different time scale              variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the northern tropical Atlantic and comparison with the western                North Pacific. J. Climate, 32(19), 66456661, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0560.1.
18.   Cao, X.*and R. G. Wu, 2020: Comparison of impacts of intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis          over the western North Pacific with two methods, Int. J. Climatol.40(4), 24182428, doi. 10.1002/joc.6342.
19.Cao, X.*, Y. Liu*, R. G. Wu, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and Z. L. Cai, 2020: Northwestward shift of tropical cyclogenesis        during autumn over the western North Pacific after late 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 40(3), 18851899, doi.                    10.1002/joc.6310.
20.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, and M. Y. Bi, 2020: Contrasting contributions of flows on different time scales to tropical cyclone tracks over the South China Sea. Environ. Res. Lett, 15, 034003, doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab6fbd.
21.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, N. Wei, and Y. F. Dai, 2020: Location of the preferred region for tropical cyclogenesis in strong monsoon trough pattern over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(3), 637654, 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-034.
22.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, and J. Xu, 2020: A comparison of the effects of  an upper-level anticyclone and a lower-level cyclone on tropical cyclogenesis in idealized simulations, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(5), 1005−1027, doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-052
23.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, and Y. F. Dai, 2021: Contrasting contributions of different time scale variations of environmental factors to tropical cyclogenesis over the eastern North Pacific, Atmos. Sci. Lett., doi:10.1002/ASL.1037.
24.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, Y. F. Dai, and Y. Y. Liu, 2021: Contribution of the intensity of intraseasonal oscillation to the interannual variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Commun, 3(3), 031002, 10.1088/2515-7620/abed93.
25.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. Sun, Z. B. Wang, Y. F. Dai, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2021, Impact of North America snow cover on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Lett, 16, 124054, 10.1088/1748-9326/ac3bff.
26.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2022, Distinct western North Pacific tropical cyclogenesis during inactive intraseasonal phase of August 1996 and 2014, Atmosphere Research, 266, 105952, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105952.
27.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. Sun, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and X. Q. Lan, 2023, Coherent variations of tropical cyclogenesis over the North Pacific and North Atlantic, Clim. Dyn.60, 1385–1396, 10.1007/s00382-022-06381-3
28.   Xu, L. T., X. Cao*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, Z. B. Wang, X. Q. Lan, W. J. Zhang, and Y. H. Wang, 2023: Can lightning indicate tropical cyclogenesis frequency over  the South China Sea? Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 149(751), 421-435. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4415.

29.   Dai, Y., X. Cao*, R. Wu, M. Bi, X. Lan, Y. Wang, Contributions of Various Temporal Components of Large-Scale Parameters in Tropical Cyclone Genesis over the North Indian Ocean. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 610, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030610.
30.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, L. T. Xu, Z. B. Wang, Y. Sun, Y. F. Dai and S. Chen, 2023: A trans-season out-of-phase relationship of tropical cyclogenesis between the western North Pacific and South China Sea, J. Climate, 10.1175/JCLI-D-22-0753.1
31.   Cao, X., R. G. Wu*P. J. Zhu, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, G. H. Wen, and Y. H. Wang, 2023: A barotropic kinetic energy conversion view of rapid intensifying and decaying tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett.50, e2022GL101695 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101695.
32.   Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Z. B. Wang, and X. Q. Lan, J. H. Zhao, and Z. C. Du, 2023, A zonal see-saw variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal-South China Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research–Atmospheres, 128, e2023JD038890. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD038890
33.   Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, L. Wu, D. F. Deng, Y. Ha, M. C. Xu, M. Yuan, Y. Feng. Dai, and Z. C. Du, 2024: Westward shift of tropical cyclogenesis over the southern Indian Ocean, Environ. Res. Lett, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1d9b
34.   Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, W. Chen, Y. Sun, Q. Yan, P. F. Wang,D. F. Deng and L. Wu, 2024, The projected poleward shift of tropical cyclogenesis at a global scale under climate change in MRI-AGCM3.2H, Geophys.   Res. Lett.51, e2023GL107189 https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL107189
35.   Cao, X*., R. G. Wu, 2017: Origins of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations over the Southern South China Sea in Boreal Winter. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 10(1), 44–50, doi: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1232584.
36.   Cao, X*., 2015: An Idealized Numerical Study of the Effects of Uniform Zonal Winds on Tropical Cyclogenesis. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 8, 345–351, doi: 10.3878/AOSL20150042.
1.   Cao, X.*, P. Huang, G. H. Chen and W. Chen, 2012: Modulation of the western North Pacific tropical cyclone genesis by the intraseasonal oscillation of the ITCZ: A statistical analysis. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 29, 744–754.

2.   Cao, X., G. H. Chen*, and W. Chen, 2013: Tropical cyclogenesis induced by ITCZ breakdown in association with synoptic wave train over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 14, 294–300.

3.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, R. H. Huang and W. Chen, 2014: The intensity variation of the summer intertropical convergence zone in the western North Pacific and its impact on tropical cyclones, J. Trop. Meteor., 20, 193–201.

4.   Cao, X., T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon


trough interannual variation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 4332–4339, doi: 10.1002/2014GL060307.

5.   Cao, X., T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon trough intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, J. Atmos. Sci., 71, 4639–4660, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0407.1.

6.   Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, W. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2015. On the weakened relationship between spring Arctic Oscillation and following summer tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific: A comparison of 1968–1986 and 1989–2007. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 32(10), 1319–1328, doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4256-y.

7.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen*, T. Li and F. M. Ren, 2016, Simulations of Tropical Cyclogenesis Associated with Different Monsoon Trough Patterns over the Western North Pacific, Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 128, 491–511, doi: 10.1007/s00703-015-0428-7.

8.                                    Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2016. Intensified impact of northern tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature on tropical cyclogenesis frequency over the western North Pacific after the late-1980s. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 33(8), 919–930, doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5206-z.

9.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, and X. Xiao, 2016, Simulation of tropical cyclogenesis associated with the large-scale cyclonic circulation over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Res., 30(6), 897–914, doi: 10.1007/s13351-016-5086-2.

10.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, S. F. Chen, 2017: Contrast of 10–20-day and 30–60-day intraseasonal SST propagation during summer and winter over the South China Sea and western North Pacific, Clim. Dyn., 48(3), 1233–1248, doi: 10.1007/s00382-016-3138-z.

11.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Origins and Interrelationship of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations around the Maritime Continent during Boreal Winter. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 132(1), 543-554, doi: 10.1007/s00704-017-2106-9.

12.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and M. Y. Bi, 2018: Contributions of different time scale variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific. J. Climate, 31(8), 3137-3153, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0519.1

13.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, 2018: Simulations of development of tropical disturbances associated with the monsoon trough over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 19(2), e801, doi: 10.1002/asl.801.

14.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Comparison of different time scale contributions to tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific in 2015 and 2016. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 96, 317-336.doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2018-038. (Special Edition on Tropical Cyclones in 2015–2016)

15.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and X. Xiao, 2018, A new perspective of intensified impact of ENSO Modoki on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific around 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 38(11), 4262–4275, doi:10.1002/joc.5667.

16.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and Y. Y. Zhan, 2019: Reexamining the decadal change of tropical cyclogenesis over the South China Sea around the mid-1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 39(7), 3188–3200, doi. 10.1002/joc.6011.


17.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai and J. H. Zhao, 2019: Contributions of different time scale variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the northern tropical Atlantic and comparison with the western North Pacific. J. Climate, 32(19), 66456661, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0560.1.

18.  Cao, X.*, and R. G. Wu, 2020: Comparison of impacts of intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific with two methods, Int. J. Climatol., 40(4), 24182428, doi. 10.1002/joc.6342.

19.  Cao, X.*, Y. Liu*, R. G. Wu, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and Z. L. Cai, 2020: Northwestward shift of tropical cyclogenesis during autumn over the western North Pacific after late 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 40(3), 18851899, doi. 10.1002/joc.6310.

20.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, and M. Y. Bi, 2020: Contrasting contributions of flows on different time scales to tropical cyclone tracks over the South China Sea. Environ. Res. Lett, 15, 034003, doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab6fbd.

21.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, N. Wei, and Y. F. Dai, 2020: Location of the preferred region for tropical cyclogenesis in strong monsoon trough pattern over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(3), 637654, 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-034.

22.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, and J. Xu, 2020: A comparison of the effects of  an upper-level anticyclone and a lower-level cyclone on tropical cyclogenesis in idealized simulations, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(5), 1005−1027, doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-052

23.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, and Y. F. Dai, 2021: Contrasting contributions of different time scale variations of environmental factors to tropical cyclogenesis over the eastern North Pacific, Atmos. Sci. Lett., doi:10.1002/ASL.1037.

24.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, Y. F. Dai, and Y. Y. Liu, 2021: Contribution of the intensity of intraseasonal oscillation to the interannual variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Commun, 3(3), 031002, 10.1088/2515-7620/abed93.

25.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. Sun, Z. B. Wang, Y. F. Dai, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2021, Impact of North America snow cover on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Lett, 16, 124054, 10.1088/1748-9326/ac3bff.

26.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2022, Distinct western North Pacific tropical cyclogenesis during inactive intraseasonal phase of August 1996 and 2014, Atmosphere Research, 266, 105952, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105952.

27.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. Sun, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and X. Q. Lan, 2023, Coherent variations of tropical cyclogenesis over the North Pacific and North Atlantic, Clim. Dyn., 60, 1385–1396, 10.1007/s00382-022-06381-3

28.  Xu, L. T., X. Cao*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, Z. B. Wang, X. Q. Lan, W. J. Zhang, and

Y. H. Wang, 2023: Can lightning indicate tropical cyclogenesis frequency over  the South China Sea? Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 149(751), 421-435. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4415.

29.  Dai, Y., X. Cao*, R. Wu, M. Bi, X. Lan, Y. Wang, Contributions of Various


Temporal Components of Large-Scale Parameters in Tropical Cyclone Genesis over the North Indian Ocean. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 610, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030610.

30.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, L. T. Xu, Z. B. Wang, Y. Sun, Y. F. Dai and S. Chen, 2023: A trans-season out-of-phase relationship of tropical cyclogenesis between the western North Pacific and South China Sea, J. Climate, 10.1175/JCLI-D-22-0753.1

31.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, P. J. Zhu, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, G. H. Wen, and Y.

H. Wang, 2023: A barotropic kinetic energy conversion view of rapid intensifying and decaying tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific. Geophys.                                    Res.                     Lett.,                                    50, e2022GL101695 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101695, accepted.

32.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Z. B. Wang, and X. Q. Lan, J. H. Zhao, and Z. C. Du, 2023, A zonal see-saw variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal-South China Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research–Atmospheres, 128, e2023JD038890. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD038890

33.  Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, L. Wu, D. F. Deng, Y. Ha, M. C. Xu,

M. Yuan, Y. Feng. Dai, and Z. C. Du, 2024: Westward shift of tropical cyclogenesis over the southern Indian Ocean, Environ. Res. Lett, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1d9b

34.  Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, W. Chen, Y. Sun, Q. Yan, P. F. Wang,

D. F. Deng and L. Wu, 2024, The projected poleward shift of tropical cyclogenesis at a global scale under climate change in MRI-AGCM3.2H, Geophys.   Res.                                                                 Lett., 51, e2023GL107189 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL107189

35.  Cao, X*., R. G. Wu, 2017: Origins of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations over the Southern South China Sea in Boreal Winter. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 10(1), 44–50, doi: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1232584.

36.  Cao, X*., 2015: An Idealized Numerical Study of the Effects of Uniform Zonal Winds on Tropical Cyclogenesis. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 8, 345–351, doi: 10.3878/AOSL20150042.1.   Cao, X.*, P. Huang, G. H. Chen and W. Chen, 2012: Modulation of the western North Pacific tropical cyclone genesis by the intraseasonal oscillation of the ITCZ: A statistical analysis. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 29, 744–754.

2.   Cao, X., G. H. Chen*, and W. Chen, 2013: Tropical cyclogenesis induced by ITCZ breakdown in association with synoptic wave train over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 14, 294–300.

3.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, R. H. Huang and W. Chen, 2014: The intensity variation of the summer intertropical convergence zone in the western North Pacific and its impact on tropical cyclones, J. Trop. Meteor., 20, 193–201.

4.   Cao, X., T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon


trough interannual variation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 4332–4339, doi: 10.1002/2014GL060307.

5.   Cao, X., T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon trough intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, J. Atmos. Sci., 71, 4639–4660, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0407.1.

6.   Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, W. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2015. On the weakened relationship between spring Arctic Oscillation and following summer tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific: A comparison of 1968–1986 and 1989–2007. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 32(10), 1319–1328, doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4256-y.

7.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen*, T. Li and F. M. Ren, 2016, Simulations of Tropical Cyclogenesis Associated with Different Monsoon Trough Patterns over the Western North Pacific, Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 128, 491–511, doi: 10.1007/s00703-015-0428-7.

8.                                    Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2016. Intensified impact of northern tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature on tropical cyclogenesis frequency over the western North Pacific after the late-1980s. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 33(8), 919–930, doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5206-z.

9.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, and X. Xiao, 2016, Simulation of tropical cyclogenesis associated with the large-scale cyclonic circulation over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Res., 30(6), 897–914, doi: 10.1007/s13351-016-5086-2.

10.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, S. F. Chen, 2017: Contrast of 10–20-day and 30–60-day intraseasonal SST propagation during summer and winter over the South China Sea and western North Pacific, Clim. Dyn., 48(3), 1233–1248, doi: 10.1007/s00382-016-3138-z.

11.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Origins and Interrelationship of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations around the Maritime Continent during Boreal Winter. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 132(1), 543-554, doi: 10.1007/s00704-017-2106-9.

12.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and M. Y. Bi, 2018: Contributions of different time scale variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific. J. Climate, 31(8), 3137-3153, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0519.1

13.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, 2018: Simulations of development of tropical disturbances associated with the monsoon trough over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 19(2), e801, doi: 10.1002/asl.801.

14.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Comparison of different time scale contributions to tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific in 2015 and 2016. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 96, 317-336.doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2018-038. (Special Edition on Tropical Cyclones in 2015–2016)

15.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and X. Xiao, 2018, A new perspective of intensified impact of ENSO Modoki on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific around 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 38(11), 4262–4275, doi:10.1002/joc.5667.

16.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and Y. Y. Zhan, 2019: Reexamining the decadal change of tropical cyclogenesis over the South China Sea around the mid-1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 39(7), 3188–3200, doi. 10.1002/joc.6011.


17.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai and J. H. Zhao, 2019: Contributions of different time scale variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the northern tropical Atlantic and comparison with the western North Pacific. J. Climate, 32(19), 66456661, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0560.1.

18.  Cao, X.*, and R. G. Wu, 2020: Comparison of impacts of intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific with two methods, Int. J. Climatol., 40(4), 24182428, doi. 10.1002/joc.6342.

19.  Cao, X.*, Y. Liu*, R. G. Wu, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and Z. L. Cai, 2020: Northwestward shift of tropical cyclogenesis during autumn over the western North Pacific after late 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 40(3), 18851899, doi. 10.1002/joc.6310.

20.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, and M. Y. Bi, 2020: Contrasting contributions of flows on different time scales to tropical cyclone tracks over the South China Sea. Environ. Res. Lett, 15, 034003, doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab6fbd.

21.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, N. Wei, and Y. F. Dai, 2020: Location of the preferred region for tropical cyclogenesis in strong monsoon trough pattern over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(3), 637654, 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-034.

22.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, and J. Xu, 2020: A comparison of the effects of  an upper-level anticyclone and a lower-level cyclone on tropical cyclogenesis in idealized simulations, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(5), 1005−1027, doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-052

23.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, and Y. F. Dai, 2021: Contrasting contributions of different time scale variations of environmental factors to tropical cyclogenesis over the eastern North Pacific, Atmos. Sci. Lett., doi:10.1002/ASL.1037.

24.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, Y. F. Dai, and Y. Y. Liu, 2021: Contribution of the intensity of intraseasonal oscillation to the interannual variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Commun, 3(3), 031002, 10.1088/2515-7620/abed93.

25.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. Sun, Z. B. Wang, Y. F. Dai, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2021, Impact of North America snow cover on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Lett, 16, 124054, 10.1088/1748-9326/ac3bff.

26.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2022, Distinct western North Pacific tropical cyclogenesis during inactive intraseasonal phase of August 1996 and 2014, Atmosphere Research, 266, 105952, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105952.

27.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. Sun, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and X. Q. Lan, 2023, Coherent variations of tropical cyclogenesis over the North Pacific and North Atlantic, Clim. Dyn., 60, 1385–1396, 10.1007/s00382-022-06381-3

28.  Xu, L. T., X. Cao*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, Z. B. Wang, X. Q. Lan, W. J. Zhang, and

Y. H. Wang, 2023: Can lightning indicate tropical cyclogenesis frequency over  the South China Sea? Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 149(751), 421-435. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4415.

29.  Dai, Y., X. Cao*, R. Wu, M. Bi, X. Lan, Y. Wang, Contributions of Various


Temporal Components of Large-Scale Parameters in Tropical Cyclone Genesis over the North Indian Ocean. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 610, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030610.

30.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, L. T. Xu, Z. B. Wang, Y. Sun, Y. F. Dai and S. Chen, 2023: A trans-season out-of-phase relationship of tropical cyclogenesis between the western North Pacific and South China Sea, J. Climate, 10.1175/JCLI-D-22-0753.1

31.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, P. J. Zhu, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, G. H. Wen, and Y.

H. Wang, 2023: A barotropic kinetic energy conversion view of rapid intensifying and decaying tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific. Geophys.                                    Res.                     Lett.,                                    50, e2022GL101695 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101695, accepted.

32.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Z. B. Wang, and X. Q. Lan, J. H. Zhao, and Z. C. Du, 2023, A zonal see-saw variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal-South China Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research–Atmospheres, 128, e2023JD038890. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD038890

33.  Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, L. Wu, D. F. Deng, Y. Ha, M. C. Xu,

M. Yuan, Y. Feng. Dai, and Z. C. Du, 2024: Westward shift of tropical cyclogenesis over the southern Indian Ocean, Environ. Res. Lett, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1d9b

34.  Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, W. Chen, Y. Sun, Q. Yan, P. F. Wang,

D. F. Deng and L. Wu, 2024, The projected poleward shift of tropical cyclogenesis at a global scale under climate change in MRI-AGCM3.2H, Geophys.   Res.                                                                 Lett., 51, e2023GL107189 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL107189

35.  Cao, X*., R. G. Wu, 2017: Origins of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations over the Southern South China Sea in Boreal Winter. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 10(1), 44–50, doi: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1232584.

36.  Cao, X*., 2015: An Idealized Numerical Study of the Effects of Uniform Zonal Winds on Tropical Cyclogenesis. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 8, 345–351, doi: 10.3878/AOSL20150042.1.   Cao, X.*, P. Huang, G. H. Chen and W. Chen, 2012: Modulation of the western North Pacific tropical cyclone genesis by the intraseasonal oscillation of the ITCZ: A statistical analysis. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 29, 744–754.

2.   Cao, X., G. H. Chen*, and W. Chen, 2013: Tropical cyclogenesis induced by ITCZ breakdown in association with synoptic wave train over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 14, 294–300.

3.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, R. H. Huang and W. Chen, 2014: The intensity variation of the summer intertropical convergence zone in the western North Pacific and its impact on tropical cyclones, J. Trop. Meteor., 20, 193–201.

4.   Cao, X., T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon


trough interannual variation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 4332–4339, doi: 10.1002/2014GL060307.

5.   Cao, X., T. Li*, M. Peng, W. Chen, and G. H. Chen, 2014: Effects of monsoon trough intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, J. Atmos. Sci., 71, 4639–4660, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0407.1.

6.   Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, W. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2015. On the weakened relationship between spring Arctic Oscillation and following summer tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific: A comparison of 1968–1986 and 1989–2007. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 32(10), 1319–1328, doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4256-y.

7.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen*, T. Li and F. M. Ren, 2016, Simulations of Tropical Cyclogenesis Associated with Different Monsoon Trough Patterns over the Western North Pacific, Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 128, 491–511, doi: 10.1007/s00703-015-0428-7.

8.                                    Cao, X., S. F. Chen*, G. H. Chen, R. G. Wu. 2016. Intensified impact of northern tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature on tropical cyclogenesis frequency over the western North Pacific after the late-1980s. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 33(8), 919–930, doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5206-z.

9.   Cao, X.*, G. H. Chen, and X. Xiao, 2016, Simulation of tropical cyclogenesis associated with the large-scale cyclonic circulation over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Res., 30(6), 897–914, doi: 10.1007/s13351-016-5086-2.

10.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, S. F. Chen, 2017: Contrast of 10–20-day and 30–60-day intraseasonal SST propagation during summer and winter over the South China Sea and western North Pacific, Clim. Dyn., 48(3), 1233–1248, doi: 10.1007/s00382-016-3138-z.

11.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Origins and Interrelationship of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations around the Maritime Continent during Boreal Winter. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 132(1), 543-554, doi: 10.1007/s00704-017-2106-9.

12.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and M. Y. Bi, 2018: Contributions of different time scale variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific. J. Climate, 31(8), 3137-3153, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0519.1

13.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, 2018: Simulations of development of tropical disturbances associated with the monsoon trough over the western North Pacific. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 19(2), e801, doi: 10.1002/asl.801.

14.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, 2018: Comparison of different time scale contributions to tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific in 2015 and 2016. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 96, 317-336.doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2018-038. (Special Edition on Tropical Cyclones in 2015–2016)

15.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and X. Xiao, 2018, A new perspective of intensified impact of ENSO Modoki on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific around 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 38(11), 4262–4275, doi:10.1002/joc.5667.

16.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, and Y. Y. Zhan, 2019: Reexamining the decadal change of tropical cyclogenesis over the South China Sea around the mid-1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 39(7), 3188–3200, doi. 10.1002/joc.6011.


17.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai and J. H. Zhao, 2019: Contributions of different time scale variations to tropical cyclogenesis over the northern tropical Atlantic and comparison with the western North Pacific. J. Climate, 32(19), 66456661, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0560.1.

18.  Cao, X.*, and R. G. Wu, 2020: Comparison of impacts of intraseasonal oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific with two methods, Int. J. Climatol., 40(4), 24182428, doi. 10.1002/joc.6342.

19.  Cao, X.*, Y. Liu*, R. G. Wu, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and Z. L. Cai, 2020: Northwestward shift of tropical cyclogenesis during autumn over the western North Pacific after late 1990s, Int. J. Climatol., 40(3), 18851899, doi. 10.1002/joc.6310.

20.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, and M. Y. Bi, 2020: Contrasting contributions of flows on different time scales to tropical cyclone tracks over the South China Sea. Environ. Res. Lett, 15, 034003, doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab6fbd.

21.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, N. Wei, and Y. F. Dai, 2020: Location of the preferred region for tropical cyclogenesis in strong monsoon trough pattern over the western North Pacific, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(3), 637654, 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-034.

22.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, and J. Xu, 2020: A comparison of the effects of  an upper-level anticyclone and a lower-level cyclone on tropical cyclogenesis in idealized simulations, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 98(5), 1005−1027, doi: 10.2151/jmsj. 2020-052

23.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, and Y. F. Dai, 2021: Contrasting contributions of different time scale variations of environmental factors to tropical cyclogenesis over the eastern North Pacific, Atmos. Sci. Lett., doi:10.1002/ASL.1037.

24.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, J. Feng, X. P. Zhang, Y. F. Dai, and Y. Y. Liu, 2021: Contribution of the intensity of intraseasonal oscillation to the interannual variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Commun, 3(3), 031002, 10.1088/2515-7620/abed93.

25.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Y. Sun, Z. B. Wang, Y. F. Dai, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2021, Impact of North America snow cover on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific, Environ. Res. Lett, 16, 124054, 10.1088/1748-9326/ac3bff.

26.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, X. Q. Lan, and X. P. Zhang, 2022, Distinct western North Pacific tropical cyclogenesis during inactive intraseasonal phase of August 1996 and 2014, Atmosphere Research, 266, 105952, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105952.

27.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, J. Xu, Y. Sun, M. Y. Bi, Y. F. Dai, and X. Q. Lan, 2023, Coherent variations of tropical cyclogenesis over the North Pacific and North Atlantic, Clim. Dyn., 60, 1385–1396, 10.1007/s00382-022-06381-3

28.  Xu, L. T., X. Cao*, R. G. Wu, Y. F. Dai, Z. B. Wang, X. Q. Lan, W. J. Zhang, and

Y. H. Wang, 2023: Can lightning indicate tropical cyclogenesis frequency over  the South China Sea? Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 149(751), 421-435. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4415.

29.  Dai, Y., X. Cao*, R. Wu, M. Bi, X. Lan, Y. Wang, Contributions of Various


Temporal Components of Large-Scale Parameters in Tropical Cyclone Genesis over the North Indian Ocean. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 610, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030610.

30.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, L. T. Xu, Z. B. Wang, Y. Sun, Y. F. Dai and S. Chen, 2023: A trans-season out-of-phase relationship of tropical cyclogenesis between the western North Pacific and South China Sea, J. Climate, 10.1175/JCLI-D-22-0753.1

31.  Cao, X., R. G. Wu*, P. J. Zhu, X. Q. Lan, Y. F. Dai, M. Y. Bi, G. H. Wen, and Y.

H. Wang, 2023: A barotropic kinetic energy conversion view of rapid intensifying and decaying tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific. Geophys.                                    Res.                     Lett.,                                    50, e2022GL101695 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101695, accepted.

32.  Cao, X.*, R. G. Wu, Z. B. Wang, and X. Q. Lan, J. H. Zhao, and Z. C. Du, 2023, A zonal see-saw variation of tropical cyclogenesis over the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal-South China Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research–Atmospheres, 128, e2023JD038890. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD038890

33.  Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, L. Wu, D. F. Deng, Y. Ha, M. C. Xu,

M. Yuan, Y. Feng. Dai, and Z. C. Du, 2024: Westward shift of tropical cyclogenesis over the southern Indian Ocean, Environ. Res. Lett, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1d9b

34.  Cao, X.*, Masahiro Watanabe, R. G. Wu, W. Chen, Y. Sun, Q. Yan, P. F. Wang,

D. F. Deng and L. Wu, 2024, The projected poleward shift of tropical cyclogenesis at a global scale under climate change in MRI-AGCM3.2H, Geophys.   Res.                                                                 Lett., 51, e2023GL107189 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL107189

35.  Cao, X*., R. G. Wu, 2017: Origins of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variations over the Southern South China Sea in Boreal Winter. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 10(1), 44–50, doi: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1232584.

36.  Cao, X*., 2015: An Idealized Numerical Study of the Effects of Uniform Zonal Winds on Tropical Cyclogenesis. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 8, 345–351, doi: 10.3878/AOSL20150042.

Research Interests

tropical cyclone genesis