Methodology and application of synchrotron-based spectroscopies  

Methods：

• Experimental condensed matter physics: Nuclear resonant scattering (NRS), Inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS):

• X-ray Absorption Fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS), X-ray Fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF);

• Infrared microspectroscopy & XAS Simultaneous Spectroscoy (IXSS) ;

Beamline and instrumentation R&D on large infrastructures (in chronological order )

• 2019-2025(HEPS-B5), 2017-2019(pre-HEPS), In charge of the Hard X-ray High Energy Resolution spectroscopy beamline at HEPS 
• 2019-2025 (HEPS), In charge of the multi-functional large solid angle inelastic X-ray spectrometer (“Qiankun", meaning heaven and earth)  
• 2019-2025(HEPSB5), 2016- 2018(HEPSTFB2）Coordinating the R&D of nano-second time resolved array detectors for nuclear resonant scattering spectroscopy 
• 2016-2018 (HEPS-TF-B2), 2012-2016(pre-HEPSTF), R&D of the high energy resolution monochromator in hard X-ray domain (2.34meV@14.4keV， resolving power~10-7);
• 2008-2011， Conceptual optical design of the infrared and X-ray simultaneous spectroscopy (IXSS)； 

• 
  

Application researches：

• Atomic/electronic strucuture vs. physical properties in Functional materials (supercondutors, thermoelectrics, dieelectrics) ；

• Collaborative researches on the characterization of novel energy related materials (catalysts, batteries), quantum materials (topological materials) using spectroscopic approaches；

• Inter-discipline researches on  the characterization of Environmental (cryospherical samplings, soil, pollutants), minerology (mica, amphibole, etc) using spectroscopic approaches；

2023/01-        Researcher, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 

2012/07-2022/12 Associate researcher, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
2010/07- 2012/07 Assistant researcher, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
2012/06-2012/08 Visiting Scientist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, US.
2012/08-2012/12 Visiting Scientist, Argonne National Laboratory, US.

High Energy Photon Source

李晓东, 袁清习, 徐伟 and 郑黎荣, 第四代高能同步辐射光源HEPS及高压相关线站建设, 高压物理学报, 34, 050101. (2020)

W. Xu, Nuclear resonant scattering program in China: opportunities and challenges at the High Energy Photon Source in Huairou, Möss. Eff. Ref. Data J. , 40, 213-218. (2017)

W. Xu and E. Alp, First Nuclear Resonant Scattering Workshop in China, Synchrotron Radiation News, 30, 51-52. (2017)

X. Jiang, J. Wang, Q. Qin, Y. Dong, W. Sheng, J. Cheng, G. Xu, T. Hu, H. Deng, F. Chen, F. Long, H. Lu, J. Yue, C. Li, Y. Sun, J. Chen, H. Dong, Q. Cai, W. Xu, M. Li, G. Chang, H. Zheng, Y. Tao, P. Liu, J. Liu, D. Sun, G. Li, H. Shi and J. Cao, The Chinese High-Energy Photon Source and its R&D Project, Synchrotron Radiation News, 27, 27-31. (2014)

Synchrotron methodology 

Instrumentation

Z. Bao, Y. Zhang, J. Jiang, Y. Ma, Y. Liu, S. Li, H. Zhang, M. Liu, Y. Zhou, Z. Li, Y. Liu, H. Li, Z. Shen, C. Yu, Z. Shi, Z. Ou, A. Zhou, Q. Li, P. Liu, W. Xu, M. Y. Hu, J. Zhao and E. E. Alp, A novel integrated time-resolved array avalanche photodiode detection system for nuclear resonant scattering measurements, Rev. Sci. Instrum. , 94, 103103-103113. (2023)

Q. Diao, Y. Zhang, S. Jin, S. He, J. Zeng, F. Bian, J. Yang, Z. Hong, H. Lian, X. Gan, H. Zhang, M. Li, P. Liu, D. Chen, Z. Guo* and W. Xu, Optimizing the slicing pattern of stress-relief crystal analyzers for X-ray Raman scattering, J. Appl. Crystallogr. , 56, 1505-1511. (2023)

Z. Guo, Y. Zhang, W. Xu, S. Jin, X. Gan, H. Zhang, D. Chen and Q. Jia, A von Hamos full-cylindrical spectrometer based on striped Si/Ge crystal for advanced x-ray spectroscopy, Rev. Sci. Instrum. , 94, 023102. (2023)

Z. Hong, Q. Diao, W. Xu, Q. Yuan, J. Yang, Z. Li, Y. Jiang, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, F. Liu, X. Zhang, P. Liu, Y. Tao, W. Sheng, M. Li, Y. Zhao, A magnetically controlled chemical–mechanical polishing (MC-CMP) approach for fabricating channel-cut silicon crystal optics for the High Energy Photon Source, Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 30(1) (2023) 84-89.

 Y.F. Zhou, W. Xu, Q.J. Li, P. Liu, Z.J. Li, Z. Hong, A High Time-Resolved Front-End ASIC for APD Array Detector in Nuclear Resonant Scattering Experiments With Synchrotron Radiation, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 69(8) (2022) 1905-1912.

L.-F. Hu, L.-D. Gao, Z.-J. Li, S.-F. Wang, W.-F. Sheng, P. Liu and W. Xu*, Monochromatic X-ray-induced thermal effect on four-reflection “nested” meV-monochromators: dynamical diffraction theory and finite-element analysis, Chinese Physics C, 39, 096004. (2015)

Thermoelectrics

J.-W. Li, W. Liu, W. Xu, H.-L. Zhuang, Z. Han, F. Jiang, P. Zhang, H. Hu, H. Gao, Y. Jiang, B. Cai, J. Pei, B. Su, Q. Li, K. Hayashi, H. Li, Y. Miyazaki, X. Cao, Q. Zheng and J.-F. Li, Bi-Deficiency Leading to High-Performance in Mg3(Sb,Bi)2-Based Thermoelectric Materials, Adv. Mater. ,  2209119. (2023)

W. Xu*, Y. Zhang, K. Ishii, H. Wadati, Y. Zhu, Z. Guo, Q. Diao, Z. Hong, H. Han, L. Zhao, Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of High-Resolution X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (HR-XAS) at the Cu K-Edge for Cu₂ZnSnSe₄, Condensed Matter 8(1) (2023) 8-17.

W. Xu*, P.-P. Shang*, A. Marcelli*, G. Cibin and J.-F. Li, Multiple emerging nano-phases are at the origin of the low lattice thermal conductivity of SnSe?, Materials Today Physics, 24, 100656. (2022)

W. Huang, Y. Zhu, Y. Liu, S. Tao, C. Yang, Q. Diao, Z. Hong, H. Han, L. Liu and W. Xu*, Long-range ordering and local structural disordering of BiAgSe₂ and BiAgSeTe thermoelectrics, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , 23, 24328-24335. (2021)

W. Huang, Y. Zhu, Y. Liu, L. Liu, C. Yang and W. Xu*, Unveiling the atomic defects and electronic structure in Cu_2.2Zn_0.8SnSe_4-xTe_x (x=0 to 0.04) by X-ray absorption Fine structure spectroscopy, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , 22, 9362-9367. (2020)

Yingcai Zhu, Yong Liu, Max Wood, Nathan Z.Koocher, Yanyu Liu, Lijuan Liu, Tiandou Hu, James M. Rondinelli, Jiawang Hong*, G. Jeffrey Snyder and Wei Xu*, Synergistically Optimizing Carrier Concentration and Decreasing Sound Velocity in n-type AgInSe2 Thermoelectrics, Chem. Mater. , 31, 8182-8190. (2019)

W. He, D. Wang, H. Wu, Y. Xiao, Y. Zhang, D. He, Y. Feng, Y.-J. Hao, J.-F. Dong, R. Chetty, L. Hao, D. Chen, J. Qin, Q. Yang, X. Li, J.-M. Song, Y. Zhu, W. Xu, C. Niu, X. Li, G. Wang, C. Liu, M. Ohta, S. J. Pennycook, J. He, J.-F. Li and L.-D. Zhao, High thermoelectric performance in low-cost SnS0.91Se0.09 crystals, Science, 365, 1418. (2019)

I. Efthimiopoulos*, M. Berg*, A. Bande, L. Puskar, E. Ritter, W. Xu*, A. Marcelli, M. Ortolani, M. Harms, J. Müller, S. Speziale, M. Koch-Müller, Y. Liu, L.-D. Zhao and U. Schade, Effects of temperature and pressure on the optical and vibrational properties of thermoelectric SnSe, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , 21, 8663-8678. (2019)

R. Shu, Y. Zhou, Q. Wang, Z. Han, Y. Zhu, Y. Liu, Y. Chen, M. Gu, W. Xu, Y. Wang, W. Zhang, L. Huang, W. Liu, Mg3+δSbxBi2−x Family A Promising Substitute for the State-of-the-Art n-Type Thermoelectric Materials near Room Temperature, Adv. Funct. Mater. , 29 (2019) 1807235-1807244.

Y. Liu, Y. Zhu, W.-S. Liu*, A. Marcelli, W. Xu*, Synergetic tuning of electrical/thermal transport via dual-doping in Bi0.96-xMgxPb0.06CuSeO, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. , 102 (2019) 1541-1547.

W. Xu*, Y. Liu, A. Marcelli, P.P. Shang, W.S. Liu*, The complexity of thermoelectric materials: why we need powerful and brilliant synchrotron radiation sources?, Materials Today Physics, 6 (2018) 68-82.

Y. Zhu, Y. Liu, X. Tan, G. Ren, M. Yu, T. Hu, A. Marcelli and W. Xu*, Enhanced thermoelectric performance through grain boundary engineering in quaternary chalcogenide Cu₂ZnSnSe₄, AIP Advances, 8, 045218. (2018)

Y. Zhu, Y. Liu, G. Ren, X. Tan, M. Yu, Y.-H. Lin, C.-W. Nan, A. Marcelli, T. Hu* and W. Xu*, Lattice Dynamics and Thermal Conductivity in Cu2Zn1–xCoxSnSe4, Inorg. Chem. , 57, 6051-6056. (2018)

W. Xu*, S. Butt, Y. Zhu, J. Zhou, Y. Liu, M. Yu, M. Augusto, J. Lan, Y. Lin and C. Nan, Nanoscale heterogeneity in thermoelectrics: the occurrence of a phase separation in Fe-doped Ca₃Co₄O₉, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 18, 14580-14587. (2016)

S. Butt, W. Xu*, M. U. Farooq, G. K. Ren, Q. Zhang, Y. Zhu, S. U. Khan, L. Liu, M. Yu, F. Mohmed, Y. Lin and C.-W. Nan, Enhanced Thermoelectricity in High-Temperature β-Phase Copper(I) Selenides Embedded with Cu2Te Nanoclusters, ACS Appl. Mat. Interfaces 8, 15196-15204. (2016)

Y. Liu, L.-D. Zhao, Y. Zhu, Y. Liu, F. Li, M. Yu, D.-B. Liu, W. Xu*, Y.-H. Lin and C.-W. Nan, Synergistically Optimizing Electrical and Thermal Transport Properties of BiCuSeO via a Dual-Doping Approach, Advanced Energy Materials, 6, 1502423-1502431. (2016)
Y. Liu, W. Xu, D.-B. Liu, M. Yu, Y.-H. Lin and C.-W. Nan, Enhanced thermoelectric properties of Ga-doped In2O3 ceramics via synergistic band gap engineering and phonon suppression, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , 17, 11229-11233. (2015)
W. Xu*, Y. Liu, L. Zhao, P. An, Y. Lin, M. Augusto and Z. Wu, Evidence of an interlayer charge transfer route in BiCu1-xSeO, Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 1, 12154-12158 (2013) 
W. Xu*, Y. Liu, B.Chen, D. Liu, Y. Lin and A. Marcelli, Nano-inclusions: a novel approach to tune the thermal conductivity of the In2O3, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 15, 17595-17600 (2013) 
W. Xu, Y. Liu, D. Chen, Y.-H. Lin, Z. Wu, Y. Xie, B.-P. Zhang, B. Cheng, C.-W. Nan and Z. Wu, High Temperature Transport Property of Copper site Doped La₂CuO₄, Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 94, 1471-1476. (2011) 

Superconductors

N. Poccia, M. Chorro, A. Ricci, W. Xu, A. Marcelli, G. Campi and A. Bianconi, Percolative superconductivity in La2CuO4.06 by lattice granularity patterns with scanning micro x-ray absorption near edge structure, Appl. Phys. Lett. , 104, 221903-221907. (2014)
W. Xu, A Marcelli, B Joseph, A Iadecola, W S Chu, D Di Gioacchino, A Bianconi, Z. Y. Wu and N. L. Saini, Arsenic K-edge XANES study of REFeAsO oxypnictides, EPL (Europhysics Letters), 90, 57001. (2010) 
W. Xu, A Marcelli, B Joseph, A Iadecola, W S Chu, D Di Gioacchino, A Bianconi, Z. Y. Wu and N. L. Saini, Local structural disorder in REFeAsO oxypnictides by RE L 3 edge XANES, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 22, 125701. (2010)

Porphyrins

J. Zhao, Q. Peng, Z. Wang, W. Xu, H. Xiao, Q. Wu, H.-L. Sun, F. Ma, J. Zhao, C.-J. Sun, J. Zhao and J. Li, Proton mediated spin state transition of cobalt heme analogs, Nature Communications, 10, 2303. (2019)

Y. Liu, W. Xu, J. Zhang, W. Fuller, C. E. Schulz and J. Li, Electronic Configuration and Ligand Nature of Five-Coordinate Iron Porphyrin Carbene Complexes: An Experimental Study, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 139 5023–5026. (2017)

W. Xu, K. Dziedzic-Kocurek, M. Yu, Z. Wu and A. Marcelli, Spectroscopic study and electronic structure of prototypical iron porphyrins and their μ-oxo-dimer derivatives with different functional configurations, RSC Adv., 4, 46399-46406. (2014)

Batteries and Catalysts

R. Zhang, L. Pan, B. Guo, Z.-F. Huang, Z. Chen, L. Wang, X. Zhang, Z. Guo, W. Xu, K. P. Loh and J.-J. Zou, Tracking the Role of Defect Types in Co3O4 Structural Evolution and Active Motifs during Oxygen Evolution Reaction, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 145, 2271-2281. (2023)

Z. Wang, M. T. Sougrati, Y. He, P. N. Le Pham, W. Xu, A. Iadecola, R. Ge, W. Zhou, Q. Zheng, X. Li and J. Wang, Sodium storage and capacity retention behavior derived from high-spin/low-spin Fe redox reaction in monoclinic Prussian blue based on operando Mössbauer characterization, Nano Energy, 109, 108256. (2023)

S. Tao, W. Huang, S. Chu, B. Qian, L. Liu and W. Xu*, Dynamic structural evolution of oxygen vacancies in lithium rich layered composites cathodes for Li-ion batteries, Materials Today Physics, 18, 100403-100411. (2021)

S. Liu, H. Qi, J. Zhou, W. Xu, Y. Niu, B. Zhang, Y. Zhao, W. Liu, Z. Ao, Z. Kuang, L. Li, M. Wang and J. Wang, Encapsulation of Platinum by Titania under an Oxidative Atmosphere: Contrary to Classical Strong Metal–Support Interactions, ACS Catalysis, 11, 6081-6090. (2021)

X. N. Li, C. S. Cao, S. F. Hung, Y. R. Lu, W. Z. Cai, A. I. Rykov, S. Miao, S. B. Xi, H. B. Yang, Z. H. Hu, J. H. Wang, J. Y. Zhao, E. E. Alp, W. Xu, T. S. Chan, H. M. Chen, Q. H. Xiong, H. Xiao, Y. Q. Huang, J. Li, T. Zhang and B. Liu, Identification of the Electronic and Structural Dynamics of Catalytic Centers in Single-Fe-Atom Material, Chem, 6, 3440-3454. (2020)

S. Liu, W. Xu, Y. Niu, B. Zhang, L. Zheng, W. Liu, L. Li and J. Wang, Ultrastable Au nanoparticles on titania through an encapsulation strategy under oxidative atmosphere, Nature Communications, 10, 5790. (2019)

Y.C. Zhu, P.F. An, M.J. Yu, A. Marcelli, Y. Liu, T.D. Hu and W. Xu*, Structural phase transitions in ionic conductor Bi2O3 by temperature dependent XPD and XAS, J. Phys: Conf. Ser. 712, 012132-012135, (2016)

Mineralogy

B. Mihailova, G. Della Ventura, N. Waeselmann, W. Xu, J. Schlüter, F. Galdenzi, A. Marcelli, G. J. Redhammer, M. Boiocchi and R. Oberti, Atomistic insight into lithospheric conductivity revealed by phonon–electron excitations in hydrous iron-bearing silicates, Communications Materials, 2, 57. (2021)

G. Della , F. Galdenzi, G. Cibin, R. Oberti, W. Xu, S. Macis, M. Augusto, Iron oxidation dynamics vs. temperature of synthetic potassic-ferro-richterite: a XANES investigation, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , 20 (2018) 21764-21771.

W. Xu*, L. Liu, M. Cui, L. Zheng, Y. Hu, A. Marcelli and Z. Wu, Electronic structure and hybridization of CaS by means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy at Ca and S K-edges, Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, 20, 110-115. (2013)

W. Xu, D. Chen, W. Chu, Z. Wu, A. Marcelli, A. Mottana, A. Soldatov and M. F. Brigatti, Quantitative local structure determination in mica crystals: ab initio simulations of polarization XANES at the potassium K-edge, Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, 18, 418-426. (2011)
G. Cibin, A. Mottana, A. Marcelli, G. Cinque, W. Xu, Z. Wu and M. F. Brigatti, The interlayer structure of trioctahedral lithian micas: An AXANES spectroscopy study at the potassium K-edge, Am. Mineral. , 95, 1084-1094. (2010)

Catalysts

L. Zhang, J. Fischer, Y. Jia, X. Yan, W. Xu, X. Wang, J. Chen, D. Yang, H. Liu, L. Zhuang, M. Hankel, D. J. Searles, K. Huang, S. Feng, C. L. Brown and X. Yao, Coordination of Atomic Co-Pt Coupling Species at Carbon Defects as Active Sites for Oxygen Reduction Reaction, J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 140, 10757-10763. (2018)

R. R. Zhang, Y. C. Zhang, L. Pan, G. Q. Shen, N. Mahmood, Y. H. Ma, Y. Shi, W. Y. Jia, L. Wang, X. W. Zhang, W. Xu and J. J. Zou, Engineering Cobalt Defects in Cobalt Oxide for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution, Acs Catalysis, 8, 3803-3811. (2018)

J. Liu, X. Li, A. I. Rykov, Q. Fan, W. Xu, W. Cong, C. Jin, H. Tang, K. Zhu, A. S. Ganeshraja, R. Ge, X. Wang and J. Wang, Zinc-modulated Fe-Co Prussian blue analogues with well-controlled morphologies for the efficient sorption of cesium, J. Mater. Chem. A, 5, 3284-3292. (2017)

Environmental & Cryospheric sciences

W. Xu*, Z. Du*, S. Liu, Y. Zhu, C. Xiao, A. Marcelli, Perspectives of XRF and XANES Applications in Cryospheric Sciences Using Chinese SR Facilities, Condensed Matter, 3 (2018) 29.

Y. Yin, W. Xu, Z. Tan, Y. Li, W. Wang, X. Guo, S. Yu, J. Liu, G. Jiang, Photo- and thermo-chemical transformation of AgCl and Ag2S in environmental matrices and its implication, Environ. Pollut. , 220 (2017) 955-962.

W. Jiang, Q. Cai, W. Xu, M. Yang, Y. Cai, D.D. Dionysiou, K.E. O'Shea, Cr(VI) Adsorption and Reduction by Humic Acid Coated on Magnetite, Environ. Sci. Technol., 48 (2014) 8078-85.

Research ID   ORCID      Researchgate      Google scholar citations 

已指导学生

朱英才  博士研究生  070205-凝聚态物理  

现指导学生

何俊霖  硕士研究生  070205-凝聚态物理  

First Nuclear Resonant Scattering workshop in China

Inelastic X-ray scattering 2018:instrumentation and applications (IXS2018)