General

Maosheng He, Prof.,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Space Science Center
Email: hemaosheng[at]nssc.ac.cn
Mailing Address:  Zhongguancun Nanertiao 1, Haidian District, Beijing
Postal Code: 100190

Academic IDs:
ORCID
Google Scholar
ResearchGate


Research Areas

  • Atmosphere-ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling

  • Excitation, propagation, and dissipation of atmospheric waves

  • Empirical modeling and forecasting

  • Stratospheric sudden warming events

  • Planetary current systems at terrestrial planets


Education


Sep. 2006 – Jul. 2011       ► Ph.D. , Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Sep. 2001 – Jul. 2005       ► B.Sc. , Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China

Experience

   
Work Experience

Jun. 2018– Mar. 2023       ► Tenured researcher, Leibniz Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Germany 

Dec. 2016 – May 2018     ► Project scientist (Tenure-track), Leibniz Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Germany

Aug. 2013 – Nov. 2016    ► Project scientist, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Germany

Aug. 2011 –Aug. 2013     ► Postdoctoral fellow, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Germany


Peer-reviewed Publications

  1. Jin, Y., Zhang, X., He, M., Li, Y., Meng, X., Ai, J., Wang, B., Wang, X., & Sun, Y. (2025). Comparisons and Analyses of Thermospheric Mass Densities Derived from Global Navigation Satellite System–Precise Orbit Determination and an Ionization Gauge–Orbital Neutral Atmospheric Detector Onboard a Spherical Satellite at 520 km Altitude. Remote Sens., 17(1), 98. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17010098

  2. Li, Q.-H., He, M., Wang, W., Zhang, S.-R., Qian, L., Aa, E., & Wang, D. (2025). The role of downward plasma diffusion in the ionospheric nighttime weddell sea anomaly. Geophys. Res. Lett., 52(11), e2025GL115318. https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115318

  3. Xu, X., Ma, Y., Zhang, L., Yu, T., Wang, J., He, M., Wang, C., & Li, H. (2025). Dynamics of Proton Flux in the South Atlantic Anomaly During the Super Geomagnetic Storm in May 2024. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 130(4). https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA033536

  4. Gao, H., Xu, J., Chen, G.-M., Zhu, Y., He, M., Yuan, W., Sun, L., Li, D., & Liu, H. (2024). Response of ICON/MIGHTI Measured Low-Mid Latitude OI630.0 and OI557.7 nm Dayglow Emissions to the 27 August 2021 Geomagnetic Storm. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 129(1). https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JA032070

  5. Guo, X., Zhao, B., Yu, T., Hao, H., Sun, W., Wang, G., He, M., Mao, T., Li, G., & Ren, Z. (2024). East–West Difference in the Ionospheric Response During the Recovery Phase of May 2024 Super Geomagnetic Storm Over the East Asian. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 129(9). https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA033170

  6. He, M., Forbes, J. M., Jacobi, C., Li, G., Liu, L., Stober, G., & Wang, C. (2024). Observational verification of high-order solar tidal harmonics in the earth’s atmosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett., 51(8). https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL108439

  7. He, M., Forbes, J. M., Stober, G., Jacobi, C., Li, G., Liu, L., & Xu, J. (2024). Nonlinear interactions of planetary-scale waves in mesospheric winds observed at 52 ◦n latitude and two longitudes. Geophys. Res. Lett., 51(24). https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL110629

  8. Li, Q.-H., Hao, Y.-Q., Wang, W., Zhang, S.-R., Qian, L., Aa, E., Zhang, D.-H., Xiao, Z., & He, M. (2024). Global distribution of ionospheric topside diffusive flux and midlatitude electron density enhancement in winter nighttime. Geophys. Res. Lett., 51(24). https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL111091

  9. Sui, Y., Zhu, Y., Chen, Q., He, M., & Xu, J. (2024). Inversion of O 2 1.27 µmnightglowemissions: A climatological analysis using satellite Limb-Viewed spectra and Harmonic analysis method. Earth Planet. Phys., 8(4), 632–640. https://doi.org/10.26464/epp2024029

  10. Wan, X., Zhong, J., Wu, Z., Hao, Y., Xiong, C., Wang, H., He, M., Cui, J., Liu, Y., Li, Q., & Kuai, J. (2024). Implication of kilometre-scale fluctuations on the MGS radio-occultation-derived electron density profiles: Artefacts or ionospheric wave-like structures. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 528(3), 4568–4581. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae249

  11. Chen, G., Li, X., He, M., Liu, S., Man, H., Gao, H., & Li, Y. (2023). Longitudinal Variation of Thermospheric Density during Low Solar Activity from APOD Observations [Number: 1 Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute]. Atmos., 14(1), 155. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14010155

  12. He, M. (2023). Planetary-scale MLT waves diagnosed through multi-station methods: A review. Earth Planets Space, 75(1), 63. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01808-5

  13. Ma, H., Liu, L., He, M., Yu, Y., Zhang, R., Lyu, H., Li, W., Chen, Y., & Le, H. (2023). The Evolution of Solar Tide-Like Signatures in the Ionospheric Total Electron Content During Major Sudden Stratospheric Warming Events. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 128(12). https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JA031979

  14. Mei, Z., Fang, K., Yao, Q., Wang, Z., He, M., Wu, H., Zhou, F., Tang, W., Bai, M., & Dong, Z. (2023). An Alternative Method for Dating of Wildfire Occurrence from Tree-Ring Cores: A Case Study in Northeastern Asia. Forests, 14(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/f14091780

  15. Yu, T., Wang, W., Ren, Z., Cai, X., & He, M. (2023). Vertical Variations in Thermospheric O/N2 and the Relationship Between O and N2 Perturbations During a Geomagnetic Storm. Earth Space Sci., 10(10). https://doi.org/10.1029/2023EA002988

  16. Zhai, C., Cai, X., Wang, W., Coster, A., Qian, L., Solomon, S. C., Yu, T., & He, M. (2023). Mid-latitude ionospheric response to a weak geomagnetic activity event during solar minimum. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 128(1). https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030908

  17. Fang, K., He, M., Bai, M., Dong, Z., Linderholm, H. W., Azorin-Molina, C., & Guo, Z. (2022). The potential to use variations in tree-ring geometric center to estimate past wind speed change. Nat. Hazards Res., 2(2), 132–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nhres.2022.04.004

  18. Ghosh, P., He, M., Latteck, R., Renkwitz, T., Avsarkisov, V., Zecha, M., & Chau, J. L. (2022). Characteristics of Frequency-Power Spectra in the Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere Over Andøya (Norway) Revealed by MAARSY. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 127(13). https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD036343

  19. He, M., Fang, K., Zhou, F., Ou, T., & Chen, D. (2022). A delayed modulation of solar ultraviolet radiation on the COVID-19 transmission reflects an incubation period. Meteorol. Appl., 29(5). https://doi.org/10.1002/met.2099

  20. He, M., & Forbes, J. M. (2022). Rossby wave second harmonic generation observed in the middle atmosphere. Nat. Commun., 13(1), 7544. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-35142-3

  21. Huang, J., Kang, S., Tang, W., He, M., Guo, J., Zhang, Q., Yin, X., & Tripathee, L. (2022). Contrasting changes in long-term wet mercury deposition and socioeconomic development in the largest city of Tibet. Sci. Total Environ., 804, 150124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150124

  22. Jaen, J., Renkwitz, T., Chau, J. L., He, M., Hoffmann, P., Yamazaki, Y., Jacobi, C., Tsutsumi, M., Matthias, V., & Hall, C. (2022). Long-term studies of mesosphere and lower-thermosphere summer length definitions based on mean zonal wind features observed for more than one solar cycle at middle and high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere. Ann. Geophys., 40(1), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-40-23-2022

  23. Ma, H., He, M., Liu, L., Li, W., Yang, Y., Zhang, R., Chen, Y., Le, H., Zhang, H., & Li, G. (2022). Solar Tide-like Signatures in the Ionospheric Total Electron Content During the 2018 Sudden Stratospheric Warming Event. Space Weather, 20(9). https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003042

  24. Yao, Q., Fang, K., Ou, T., Zhou, F., He, M., Zheng, B., Liu, J., Xing, H., & Trouet, V. (2022). Reply to: Fire activity as measured by burned area reveals weak effects of ENSO in China. Nat. Commun., 13(1), 4317. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32014-8

  25. Yu, T., Cai, X., Ren, Z., Li, S., Pedatella, N., & He, M. (2022). Investigation of the O/N2 Depletion With Latitudinally Tilted Equatorward Boundary Observed by GOLD During the Geomagnetic Storm on April 20, 2020. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 127(12). https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030889

  26. Yu, T., Wang, W., Ren, Z., Cai, X., Liu, L., He, M., Pedatella, N., & Zhai, C. (2022). Diagnostic analysis of the physical processes underlying the long-duration o/n2 depletion during the recovery phase of the 8 june 2019 geomagnetic storm. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 127(12). https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA031075

  27. Fang, K., Yao, Q., Guo, Z., Zheng, B., Du, J., Qi, F., Yan, P., Li, J., Ou, T., Liu, J., He, M., & Trouet, V. (2021). ENSO modulates wildfire activity in China. Nat. Commun., 12(1), 1764. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21988-6

  28. Forbes, J. M., Heelis, R., Zhang, X., Englert, C. R., Harding, B. J., He, M., Chau, J. L., Stoneback, R., Harlander, J. M., Marr, K. D., Makela, J. J., & Immel, T. J. (2021). Q2DW-Tide and -Ionosphere Interactions as Observed From ICON and Ground-Based Radars. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 126(11). https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029961

  29. Harding, B. J., Chau, J. L., He, M., Englert, C. R., Harlander, J. M., Marr, K. D., Makela, J. J., Clahsen, M., Li, G., Ratnam, M. V., Bhaskar Rao, S. V., Wu, Y. J. J., England, S. L., & Immel, T. J. (2021). Validation of ICON-MIGHTI Thermospheric Wind Observations: 2. Green-Line Comparisons to Specular Meteor Radars. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 126(3). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JA028947

  30. He, M., Forbes, J. M., Li, G., Jacobi, C., & Hoffmann, P. (2021). Mesospheric Q2DW Interactions With Four Migrating Tides at 53 ◦N Latitude: Zonal Wavenumber Identification Through Dual-Station Approaches. Geophys. Res. Lett., 48(8). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL092237

  31. He, M., Vogt, J., Dubinin, E., Zhang, T., & Rong, Z. (2021). Spatially Highly Resolved Solar-wind-induced Magnetic Field on Venus. Astrophys. J., 923(1), 73. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac2836

  32. He, M., Chau, J. L., Forbes, J. M., Zhang, X., Englert, C. R., Harding, B. J., Immel, T. J., Lima, L. M., Bhaskar Rao, S. V., Ratnam, M. V., Li, G., Harlander, J. M., Marr, K. D., & Makela, J. J. (2021). Quasi-2-Day Wave in Low-Latitude Atmospheric Winds as Viewed From the Ground and Space During January–March, 2020. Geophys. Res. Lett., 48(13). https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093466

  33. Li, Q., Liu, L., He, M., Huang, H., Zhong, J., Yang, N., Zhang, M.-L., Jiang, J., Chen, Y., Le, H., & Cui, J. (2021). A Global Empirical Model of Electron Density Profile in the F Region Ionosphere Basing on COSMIC Measurements. Space Weather, 19(4), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020sw002642

  34. Liu, J., Zhang, D., Goncharenko, L. P., Zhang, S.-R., He, M., Hao, Y., & Xiao, Z. (2021). The Latitudinal Variation and Hemispheric Asymmetry of the Ionospheric Lunitidal Signatures in the American Sector During Major Sudden Stratospheric Warming Events. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 126(5), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020ja028859

  35. Yu, T., Wang, W., Ren, Z., Cai, X., Yue, X., & He, M. (2021). The response of middle thermosphere (∼ 160km)compositiontothenovember20and21, 2003superstorm. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 126(10). https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029449

  36. Yu, T., Wang, W., Ren, Z., Yue, J., Yue, X., & He, M. (2021). Middle-Low Latitude Neutral Composition and Temperature Responses to the 20 and 21 November 2003 Superstorm From GUVI Dayside Limb Measurements. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys. https://doi.org/0.1029/2020JA028427

  37. Forbes, J. M., He, M., Maute, A., & Zhang, X. (2020). Ultrafast Kelvin Wave Variations in the Surface Magnetic Field. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 125(9). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JA028488

  38. He, M., Chau, J. L., Forbes, J. M., Thorsen, D., Li, G., Siddiqui, T. A., Yamazaki, Y., & Hocking, W. K. (2020). Quasi-10-Day Wave and Semidiurnal Tide Nonlinear Interactions During the Southern Hemispheric SSW 2019 Observed in the Northern Hemispheric Mesosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett., 47(23). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091453

  39. He, M., Forbes, J. M., Chau, J. L., Li, G., Wan, W., & Korotyshkin, D. V. (2020). High-Order Solar Migrating Tides Quench at SSW Onsets. Geophys. Res. Lett., 47(6), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL086778

  40. He, M., Yamazaki, Y., Hoffmann, P., Hall, C. M., Tsutsumi, M., Li, G., & Chau, J. L. (2020). Zonal Wave Number Diagnosis of Rossby Wave-Like Oscillations Using Paired Ground-Based Radars. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 125(12). https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD031599

  41. Koushik, N., Kumar, K. K., Ramkumar, G., Subrahmanyam, K. V., Kishore Kumar, G., Hocking, W. K., He, M., & Latteck, R. (2020). Planetary waves in the mesosphere lower thermosphere during stratospheric sudden warming: observations using a network of meteor radars from high to equatorial latitudes. Clim. Dyn., 54(9-10), 4059–4074. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-020-05214-5

  42. Vogt, J., Blagau, A., Bunescu, C., & He, M. (2020). Local Least Squares Analysis of Auroral Currents. In M. W. Dunlop & H. Lühr (Eds.), Ionospheric multi-spacecraft analysis tools (pp. 55–81). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26732-2_4

  43. Fang, K., Chen, D., Guo, Z., Zhao, Y., Frank, D., He, M., Zhou, F., Shi, F., Seppä, H., Zhang, P., & Neukom, R. (2019). An interdecadal climate dipole between Northeast Asia and Antarctica over the past five centuries. Clim. Dyn., 52(1-2), 765–775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-018-4161-z

  44. He, M., & Chau, J. L. (2019). Mesospheric semidiurnal tides and near-12 h waves through jointly analyzing observations of five specular meteor radars from three longitudinal sectors at boreal midlatitudes. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19(9), 5993–6006. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5993-2019

  45. He, M., Chau, J. L., Stober, G., Li, G., Ning, B., & Hoffmann, P. (2018). Relations Between Semidiurnal Tidal Variants Through Diagnosing the Zonal Wavenumber Using a Phase Differencing Technique Based on Two Ground-Based Detectors. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 123(8), 4015–4026. https://doi.org/10.1002/2018JD028400

  46. He, M., Chau, J. L., Hall, C. M., Tsutsumi, M., Meek, C., & Hoffmann, P. (2018). The 16-Day Planetary Wave Triggers the SW1-Tidal-Like Signatures During 2009 Sudden Stratospheric Warming. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(22), 12, 631–12, 638. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079798

  47. He, M., & Vogt, J. (2018). Empirical Modeling of Planetary Magnetospheres in Response to Solar Wind Dynamics Using EOF Analysis and Multivariate Linear Regression. In H. Lühr, J. Wicht, S. A. Gilder & M. Holschneider (Eds.), Magnetic fields in the solar system : Planets, moons and solar wind interactions(pp. 183–200). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64292-5_7

  48. Singh, D., Gurubaran, S., & He, M. (2018). Evidence for the Influence of DE3 Tide on the Occurrence of Equatorial Counterelectrojet. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(5), 2145–2150. https://doi.org/10.1002/2018GL077076

  49. He, M., Vogt, J., Heyner, D., & Zhong, J. (2017). Solar wind controls on Mercury’s magnetospheric cusp. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 122(6), 6150–6164. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA023687

  50. He, M., Chau, J. L., Stober, G., Hall, C. M., Tsutsumi, M., & Hoffmann, P. (2017). Application of Manley-Rowe Relation in Analyzing Nonlinear Interactions Between Planetary Waves and the Solar Semidiurnal Tide During 2009 Sudden Stratospheric Warming Event. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 122(10), 10, 783–10, 795. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024630

  51. He, M., Vogt, J., Zhang, T., & Rong, Z. (2016). EMVIM: An empirical model for the magnetic field configuration near Venus. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 121(4), 3362–3380. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA022049

  52. Han, X., Fraenz, M., Dubinin, E., Wei, Y., Andrews, D. J., Wan, W., He, M., Rong, Z. J., Chai, L., Zhong, J., Li, K., & Barabash, S. (2014). Discrepancy between ionopause and photoelectron boundary determined from Mars Express measurements. Geophys. Res. Lett., 41(23), 8221–8227. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062287

  53. He, M., Vogt, J., Lühr, H., & Sorbalo, E. (2014). Local time resolved dynamics of field-aligned currents and their response to solar wind variability. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 119(7), 5305–5315. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JA019776

  54. Prokhorov, B. E., Förster, M., He, M., Namgaladze, A. A., & Holschneider, M. (2014). Using MFACE as input in the UAM to specify the MIT dynamics. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 119(8), 6704–6714. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014ja019981

  55. Vogt, J., Sorbalo, E., He, M., & Blagau, A. (2013). Gradient estimation using configurations of two or three spacecraft. Ann. Geophys., 31(11), 1913–1927. https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-1913-2013

  56. Wei, Y., Fraenz, M., Dubinin, E., He, M., Ren, Z., Zhao, B., Liu, J., Wan, W., Yumoto, K., Watari, S., & Alex, S. (2013). Can a nightside geomagnetic Delta H observed at the equator manifest a penetration electric field? J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 118(6), 3557–3567. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgra.50174

  57. He, M., Vogt, J., Lühr, H., Sorbalo, E., Blagau, A., Le, G., & Lu, G. (2012). A high-resolution model of field-aligned currents through empirical orthogonal functions analysis (MFACE). Geophys. Res. Lett., 39(17). https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL053168

  58. Ren, Z., Wan, W., Liu, L., Le, H., & He, M. (2012). Simulated midlatitude summer nighttime anomaly in realistic geomagnetic fields. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 117(3). https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JA017010

  59. Wei, Y., Wan, W., Zhao, B., Hong, M., Ridley, A., Ren, Z., Fraenz, M., Dubinin, E., & He, M. (2012). Solar wind density controlling penetration electric field at the equatorial ionosphere during a saturation of cross polar cap potential. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 117(9). https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JA017597

  60. He, M., Liu, L., Wan, W., & Wei, Y. (2011). Strong evidence for couplings between the ionospheric wave-4 structure and atmospheric tides. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38(14), 2–7. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL047855

  61. He, M., Liu, L., Wan, W., & Zhao, B. (2011). A study on the nighttime midlatitude ionospheric trough. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 116(5). https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JA016252

  62. Liu, L., Le, H., Chen, Y., He, M., Wan, W., & Yue, X. (2011). Features of the middle- and low-latitude ionosphere during solar minimum as revealed from COSMIC radio occultation measurements. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 116(9). https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JA016691

  63. Xiong, B., Wan, W., Liu, L., Withers, P., Zhao, B., Ning, B., Wei, Y., Le, H., Ren, Z., Chen, Y., He, M., & Liu, J. (2011). Ionospheric response to the X-class solar flare on 7 September 2005. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys.,116(11). https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JA016961

  64. Zhao, B., Wan, W., Yue, X., Liu, L., Ren, Z., He, M., & Liu, J. (2011). Global characteristics of occurrence of an additional layer in the ionosphere observed by COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38(2). https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045744

  65. He, M., Liu, L., Wan, W., Lei, J., & Zhao, B. (2010). Longitudinal modulation of the O/N2 column density retrieved from TIMED/GUVI measurement. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37(20). https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045105

  66. Liu, L., He, M., Yue, X., Ning, B., & Wan, W. (2010). Ionosphere around equinoxes during low solar activity. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 115(A9). https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JA015318

  67. Liu, L., Wan, W., Ning, B., Zhang, M. L., He, M., & Yue, X. (2010). Longitudinal behaviors of the IRI-B parameters of the equatorial electron density profiles retrieved from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC radio occultation measurements. Adv. Space Res., 46(8), 1064–1069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2010.06.005

  68. Fang, K., Gou, X., Chen, F., Yang, M., Li, J., He, M., Zhang, Y., Tian, Q., & Peng, J. (2009). Drought variations in the eastern part of northwest China over the past two centuries: Evidence from tree rings. Climate Res., 38(2), 129–135. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr00781

  69. Fang, K., Gou, X., Levia, D. F., Li, J., Zhang, F., Liu, X., He, M., Zhang, Y., & Peng, J. (2009). Variation of radial growth patterns in trees along three altitudinal transects in north central China. IAWA J., 30(4), 443–457. https://doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000231

  70. He, M., Liu, L., Wan, W., Ning, B., Zhao, B., Wen, J., Yue, X., & Le, H. (2009). A study of the Weddell Sea Anomaly observed by FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 114(12). https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JA014175

  71. Liu, L., Zhao, B., Wan, W., Ning, B., Zhang, M. L., & He, M. (2009). Seasonal variations of the ionospheric electron densities retrieved from constellation observing system for meteorology, ionosphere, and climate mission radio occultation measurements. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 114(2). https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013819

  72. Liu, L., He, M., Wan, W., & Zhang, M. L. (2008). Topside ionospheric scale heights retrieved from Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate radio occultation measurements. J. Geophys. Res. Sp. Phys., 113(10). https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013490



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